Berlin Wall

Preliminary qualitative chemical tests show the presence of alkaloids, carbohydrates, saponins, steroids, terpenoids, phenolics, coumarins and fixed oil, etc.18 Desorption electrospray ionization was employed for fast and direct ambient detection of the anti-tumor drug, camptothecin, and its derivative, 9-methoxycamptothecin in Nothapodytes nimmoniana J. Graham. Different parts of the plant such as leaves, stems and bark were examined. The…

Light as a Pesticide What is a pesticide? Pesticides are substances which are used for attracting and then destroying or vindicating any kind of pests. It is a biological agent which is used to destroy pests. Pesticides are usually used for keeping pests away from plants. Pesticides are used fight insect-borne diseases and they also help to increase food production. Although pests have numerous benefits they also have few drawbacks such as possible toxicity to humans and other species. What is…

Diffusion in Agar Cubes Experiment Introduction Diffusion is a paramount process to organisms because molecules enter the body cells and waste products are removed. Diffusion is the movement of particles from regions with dense areas to regions with lower density. Diffusions rate can be determined by many factors this includes, the size, synthetic composition, concentration gradient, surface area to volume ratio. The independent variable in this experiment is the size of the agar, this means…

2011) and also hydrolyze the deacetylated form of chitin, which is referred to as chitosan. Chitinases digest the chitosan polysaccharide chain at the remaining acetylated sugar residues. Chitin and chitosan are abundant in fungal and some algal cell walls, in bacteria and in the exoskeleton of invertebrates (Li and Roseman 2004). Lipochitooligosaccharides or Nod factors produced by rhizobia essentially consist of a chitin backbone of 3–5-N-acetylglucosamine residues with N-acyl group attached…

A Global Analysis Of Xylem Vessel Length In Woody Plants is a research paper published in the American Journal of Botany. Dr. Anna L. Jacobsen led the research efforts along with support from Dr. Pratt, Dr. Tobin, Dr. Hacke, and Dr. Ewers. The aims of their research were to explain the physiological role that xylem vessel length have on a plant 's hydraulic architecture. To effectively explain the relationship, researchers focused on a couple of key questions. First, they wanted to determine if…

The purpose of experiment A of exercise 1, is so that the students can observe Brownian movement. Brownian movement is the random movement of particles in a gas or liquid caused by the collision of molecules of the medium. This movement should be observed in the carmine slides by the irregular motion of the red pigment particles in the water solution. In experiment B of exercise 1,the students will investigate the process of osmosis and diffusion in a model membrane system and the effect of…

Arabidopsis cell wall mutants INTRODUCTION & AIMS Plant cell walls are highly dynamic structure which is made up of polysaccharide such as cellulose. In plant cell, cellulose is synthesised at the plasma membrane by the enzyme cellulose synthase (CesA) which forms rosette structure with 18 CesA proteins in total. Mutating any of these CesA proteins is thought to interfere with the normal production of cellulose in plant. As cellulose is an important component of cell wall and is essential for…

by Jeannette Walls brings the reader back in time to when she was very young and recalls her life experiences that deal with poverty, dysfunctional parents, and the choice between family first or herself. The Glass Castle reveals that Wall lived a large portion of her life on the run due to her adventurous, yet troublesome parents. Overtime, Walls discovers that life has more to offer if she gives herself a chance to experience the real world. Because of her parents’ influence, Walls grew up…

Research Question What is the effect of surface area on volume ratio over rate of diffusion of pigment regarding the agar cube, measure by percentage volume of diffusion through time? Hypothesis The experiment involves the use of agar cubes. If the cells of these cubes desire a great surface area to volume ratio in order to carry out their needs (exchanging materials with the environment, receiving oxygen, getting rid of waste products), the SA:V ratio will be larger. Consequently, the rate of…

Throughout the semester in the microbiology lab we have been taught how to conduct multiple experiments to identify microorganisms. Many of these experiments can be used on all different types of microorganisms but cumulatively they can help isolate a singular microorganism’s identity. At the beginning of the semester we were divided into several groups and were assigned an unknown of which we were tasked with identifying. Being assigned number 14 as our unknown, my group consisting of…