Benzoic acid

line with a pencil. Three spot were labeled A, B, and C. A sample of each standard was spotted on the analytical TLC plate approximately 1cm from the bottom of the plate. It was then enclosed in a jar filled with 2ml of 95% ethyl acetate- 5% acetic acid. (Another laboratory group conducted the same procedure but using 1:1 Hexanes: Ethyl Acetate as the developing solvent). After the TLC plate was developed until the solvent reached 1cm at its top; the plates were analyzed using UV light and the…

The amino acid, homocysteine, is basically a cysteine with an added methylene bridge. Methionine, an essential amino acid, gives rise to homocysteine, a sulfur-containing amino acid, through the methionine cycle. Methionine is converted to S-adenosyl methionine (SAM) when an adenosine group from ATP is added on to activate methionine’s methyl group. SAM is a methyl donor that is a substrate used in many reactions. When it donates the methyl group, SAM is converted to S-adenosyl homocysteine…

After you have a chimney cleaner come out and clean away all the grime that build up in your chimney over the past year, you are also going to want to clean your fireplace as well. By cleaning your fireplace right after you have your chimney cleaned, your fireplace will be ready for next fall before summer even starts. Here is what you need to do in order to effectively clean your stone fireplace. Put On Protective Wear The first thing you are going to want to do is put on protective eye wear,…

Experiment 15.2 Purpose: To show temperature effects on reactions and Le Chatelier’s principle. Materials: 2 test tubes, 2 eyedroppers, 2 beakers, 2 small cups, Clear ammonia solution, White Vinegar, Flame or stove, Pot, Water, Ice, a few leaves of red cabbage, and safety goggles. Question: How does equilibrium work with respect to temperature and concentration? Hypothesis: Depending on whether the reaction is endo-thermic or exothermic the equilibrium will shift to one side, this is also true…

Experimental Design Aim 1: Determine the amino acid sensing specificity of folliculin. Since folliculin’s novel amino acid sensing function discovery, I plan to further understand whether FLCN specifically senses a certain amino acid and if this level of detection is enough to elicit an mTORC1 response. 1.1. Determine if folliculin’s novel molecular function in amino acid sensing is triggered by glutamine. mTORC1 activation by amino acids requires FLCN where its lysosomal residence during…

Section Two - Oral Liquid Formulations (1) Characteristics of Suspensions: The oral liquid dosage form chosen to formulate was that of a suspension. Given the criteria of Drug Y it was thought best to formulate the drug as a suspension. Suspensions can be defined as ''a class of materials in which one phase, a solid, is dispersed in a second phase, generally a liquid.'' (1) There are many characteristics of suspensions that are relevant when formulating such a dosage form. They are as follows;…

(Representing the results obtained from the experiment) Known Acid HCl 1 mol dm-3 (± 0.100) Unknown Acid HCl 0.76 mol dm-3 (± 0.100) Highest Temperature (Time) 28.5 (190s) 28.6 (235s) Lowest Temperature (Time) 22.9 (55s) 22.9 (55s) Sample Calculation for the Unknown Concentration C1V1 = C2V2 1 (190 - 505) = C2 (235 - 505) 1 28.0 = C2 37.0 C2 = 2837 C2 = 0.760 mol dm-3 (±0.0500) Sample Calculation for the amount of mole in Unknown Acid Mole = Concentration Volume Mole = 0.760…

a 25-mL round-bottomed flask along with a stir bar. To dissolve the camphene, 3.0 mL of glacial acetic acid was added into the flask. The flask was fastened onto a ring stand and immersed in a water bath that was on top of a stir plate. A thermometer wire was placed in the water bath to monitor the temperature throughout the experiment. After the camphene dissolved, 0.50 mL of 8 M sulfuric acid (H2SO4) was added. To prepare for heating, a cork was placed upside down to cap the mixture and…

9. RESULTS Table 8: Pre Formulation Study S.NO API CHARACTERISATION RESULTS 1 Physical Appearance a white to slightly pink crystalline powder 2 Melting point 138-148 ºC 3 Bulk density 0.396 gm/ml 4 Tapped Density 0.421 gm/ml 5 Carr’s index/Compressibility index 5.94 6 Hausner’s Ratio 1.063 Conclusion: The value of compressibility index above 25%, 15-25%, less than10% indicates poor flowability, optimum flowability and high flowability respectively. As Efaverinz value is <10 so it exhibits…

2.4 IL-DLLME procedures For IL-DLLME under optimum conditions, 10 mL of the sample solution containing Cd2+ or Ni2+ and PAN (10−5mol L−1) was adjusted to pH in a glass test tube with a conical bottom test tube. Using a microsyringe, the mixture of the extraction solvent ([Hmim][PF6]) and disperser solvent (acetonitrile) was rapidly injected into the previously mentioned aqueous sample. A cloudy solution (water, acetonitrile and [Hmim][PF6] ) was formed in the test tube. The ions reacted with…