Benzodiazepine

– Rationale: This will help the pt identify underlying causes and address their thoughts and feelings. 7. Administer Ativan for accompanying anxiety as ordered – Rationale: Pts with memory loss may experience accompanying anxiety. Ativan is a benzodiazepine that may help with this. o Assess degree and manifestations of anxiety – Rationale: Ativan that is given PRN must be assessed for need of medication. o Monitor for excessive drowsiness, dizziness, and lethargy – Rationale: These are common…

Examples of inverse agonists include cimetidine and ranitidine on H2 receptors, haloperidol on D2 receptors, prazosin on α1-adrenergic receptors, timolol on β2-adrenergic receptors, clozapine on D2 and 5HT2C receptors5, GABAA receptor (such as benzodiazepines) inverse agonists have anxiogenic effects (for example, Ro15-4513) or convulsive effects (certain beta-carbolines)6,7 and yohimbine on α2A-adrenergic receptors8. Undeniably, many drugs previously believed to be competitive antagonists have…

Abstract In Understanding Addiction, we learn about the six major drug classes (Stimulants, CNS Depressants, Hallucinogens, Inhalants, Cannabinoids, and Narcotics) and what they do to the body and brain, and how history has affected drug use today. We also learned about cultural differences of drug use. To understand addiction, we need to understand how drugs work and what they do. Understanding Addiction Final Research Paper Stimulants In the six major drug types, stimulants are considered…

Abstinence-based treatment of opioid addiction utilizes substance abuse therapy, but not medications, to aid in the treatment of addiction to opioids. Addict is shorthand for opioid addict. For example, the statement “Some addicts abuse heroin” is the same as saying “Some opioid addicts abuse heroin.” The word ‘addict’ derives from the Latin word ‘addictus,’ which means to become a slave (http://bit.ly/20Isq0N). Addiction is shorthand for opioid addiction. The medical term is opioid use…

Studies show that SSRIs treats depression and targets the three main PTSD clusters such as avoidance, re-experiencing, and hyperarousal. SSRIs are tolerable and have few side effects. Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors block the reuptake of the neurotransmitters. SNRIs such as duloxetine, venlafaxine, and desvenlafaxine act by preventing the reuptake of the neurotransmitters serotonin and norepinephrine (Greenberg, 2012). High concentrations of extracellular serotonin and…

Panic disorder is identified as an anxiety disorder characterised by recurrent panic attacks involving intense fear or discomfort. The attacks are spontaneous in nature and to be diagnosed with panic disorder at least one of the attacks must be followed by a month or more of constant concern regarding when the next attack is going to occur (page 172 gale group). Plus, panic attacks have four or more symptoms, such as sweating, nausea, heart palpitations, chest pain, fear of dying, and shortness…

Anxiety affects eighteen percent of the population in America that is 18 or older, that equals about forty million people. Anxiety is the “fearful anticipation of impending danger”(“Anxiety,” 2015). There are many different types of anxiety and it affects people is a variety of ways. Some people with anxiety are more likely to have depression, which can lead to them harming themselves. Which is probably one of the reasons why people with anxiety are six times more likely to be hospitalized.…

altering the body's response to a stressor and making it easier to deal with. The two most common drugs used in drug therapy are Benzodiazepines and beta-blockers. Benzodiazepines slow down the activity of the central nervous system by enhancing the action of a neurotransmitter gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA). GABA is the body's natural form of anxiety relief. Benzodiazepines react with GABA sites on…

Difficult Detox Drug addiction and substance abuse are not only prominent with the use of ‘street drugs’, the epidemic has been increasingly present in the world of prescription medications as well, even those that are used to ‘wean’ people off of other illicit drugs. Here are a list of some of the most commonly abused prescription, or ‘legal’ drugs, and their self-detox risks. SubOxone: The intended use of SubOxone is the treatment of opiate addiction, however, many individuals develop a…

This study demonstrates that stressed crayfish express context-independent anxiety-like behavior that can be promoted by 5HT (electric fields) and abolished by an anxiolytic called benzodiazepine. The study was designed by exposing crayfish to an electric field for thirty minutes and then placing them into an aquatic dark/light shaped maze that was divided into two shaded arms and two lightened arms along with a middle starting zone. They…