Benzene

It is evident that oxygen, an odorless and colorless reactive gas, serves as an essential component of life. Aside from the commonly heard gaseous necessities, natural gas has also proven to equally and indirectly impact daily activities. It is comprised of numerous hydrogen and carbon containing compounds. Commonly referred to as methane, ethane, propane etc., natural gas is utilized during regular household tasks such as dinner preparation through means of a stovetop. Although little attention…

Rufinamide (Banzel) was designated as an orphan drug for use in the treatment of seizures that are caused by Lennox—Gastaut syndrome in patients older than four in 2004 by the FDA (Food and Drug Adminsitration).¬¬¬¬¬1 Lennox—Gastaut syndrome (LGS) is a epileptic disease, commonly found in children, that is characterized a high rate of injury from seizures as well as a wide range of treatment-resistant seizures. In the past treatments were inadequate, leaving patients without much, but after the…

Do you like the sunlight? Some people enjoy sunbathing. Many people love sunlight but it is very dangerous for human skin. Sunburns, stains, wrinkles and slack are the cause of ultraviolet rays (UV) included in the wavelengths of the sun light. UV-A, UV-B and UV-C. These are different types of UV rays. UV-A occupies about 95% among all ultraviolet rays reaching the surface of the earth and it damages fibroblast cells. Fibroblast cells create the collagen, elastin and hyaluronic acids so if these…

were trying to relieve pain and fight fever without the patient suffering deadly side effects. A breakthrough occurred when a chemist named Felix Hoffman knew that phenolic compounds are corrosive because of the free hydroxyl group located on the benzene ring of salicylic acid. He then masked the hydroxyl group by replacing the hydrogen with an acetyl group creating Aspirin. The purpose of this lab is to synthesize and analyze high pure aspirin. The aspirin synthesized in this experiment will…

Thalidomide is used as a drug to treat several illnesses [3]. Its molecular formula is C13H10N2O4 [1] and IUPAC name is 2-(2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl)isoindole-1,3-dione [1]. Thalidomide contains a benzene and two rings, the left ring is believed to contain teratogenic effects and the right ring is responsible for hypnotic properties as it resembles the structure of similar drugs [9]. To continue, a small difference in R+ to the S- conformation changes thalidomide’s toxicity [9]. The former…

For years, Indiana has been plagued with problems related to methamphetamine and pseudoephedrine. Since the year 2013, Indiana has ranked highly in methamphetamine-related categories out of the fifty states. Pseudoephedrine is a sympathomimetic amine, which means that it has effects on the sympathetic nervous system. The synthesis of pseudoephedrine into methamphetamine is dangerous, has led to the question of needing a prescription for pseudoephedrine, and has brought forth ethical and legal…

a solid. Stirring the liquid will help minimize supercooling. 9. Non-volatile is a substance that do not have to measure vapor pressure Example: glucose and salt (NaCl) Volatile is substances that have a measurable vapor pressure Example: tolure, benzene 10. ΔTf = 3.9 0C Kf = 20.4 0C/m Mass of solute = 0.49 g Mass of solvent = 20g m = ΔTf / Kf = 3.9 0C / 20.4 0C/m = 0.191 m Moles of solute = molality * mass of solvent 0.191 m * 0.02 kg = 0.0382 mol Molar mass of solute = mass of solute / moles…

are talking about refinement because this oil is held inside tar sands. Therefore, we need to use at least three water barrels to create a single one of oil. The water, after utilization, is contaminated with toxins such as heavy metals, cyanide, benzene, naphthenic acids, etc … and without a proper follow-up; these chemicals will cause a serious harm to the environment. Eventually, when the fuels have been extracted and refined, the oil will be sent through pipelines to cargos where they will…

The one located at 1730.1 cm was the result of a carbonyl group and -1 the peak at 1617.7 cm-1 specified the existence of a benzene ring. Another peak at 1151.5 cm-1 indicates a C—O bond, which is presented in methyl m-nitrobenzoate. The peak at 739.9 cm indicated that the product was meta-substituted benzene. All of the shown -1 peaks supported that the product was methyl m-nitrobenzoate. Using 1H NMR the meta-substituted product can identity and differentiated…

consequently used to sell bottled water. In addition to wasting huge amounts of the most precious resource on Earth, the production of plastic also requires the air polluting process of natural gas extraction. The process releases harmful chemicals such as benzene, xylene,…