Benign tumor

Some advances include improved drug combinations, administration of anti-nausea medications during and after chemotherapy to reduce sickness and side effects, and chemotherapy pre-surgery to shrink a tumor or chemotherapy post-surgery to prevent recurrence of tumor (Evolution of Cancer Treatment). Another commonly administered treatment for cancer is radiation therapy. Radiation therapy is the use of high-beamed, frequently external, radiation to kill cancer cells. Radiation therapy…

Even though the ordinary human body possesses forty-six chromosomes, cancer can arise from genetic mutations or DNA chromosome damage. Furthermore, cancer is one of the deadliest and lethal diseases since cancer cells create malignant tumors within the body leading up to organ failure if cancer cells avoid detection. In females, the leading cause of breast cancer is the level of estrogen in the female body as well as estrogen exposure with the environment. Breast cancer occurs in women…

Diagnosis requires a tissue biopsy for microscopic examination to determine pathology CLASSIFICATION ? The TNM classification is used for clinical staging of breast tumors. The American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) 7th edition stages breast cancer as follows:?26 ? TX: primary tumor cannot be assessed ? T0: no evidence of primary tumor ? Tis: cancer in situ ? Tis (DCIS): ductal carcinoma in situ ? Tis (LCIS): lobular carcinoma in situ ? Tis (Paget): Paget disease of the nipple not…

Colon Polyps What is colon adenomatous polyp? Polyps develop in the cells of glandular structures lining the colon and are typically not cancerous. However, the colon adenomatous polyp is different. This polyp’s growth is a result of DNA changes in the lining of the colon. If ignored, there is a high chance that it will turn cancerous. Individuals with multiple polyps have a higher chance of one of them turning cancerous. 70 to 80 percent of patients survive at least five years if these…

genes in the cell and cause it to produce faulty proteins that control cell division. Cancerous cells ignore the normal signals that stop cell growth, so the abnormal cell begins to divide uncontrollably and produce a tumor. Cancer tumors can be either benign or malignant. Malignant tumors invade…

Life is recognized by what we do. People, animals, plants and insects encompass properties such as order, regulation, growth and development, processing energy, responding to the environment, reproduction, and evolution. All living organisms exist with nonliving factors, as such, their interactions form an ecosystem. The two main processes of an ecosystem are the recycling of chemical nutrients and the flow of energy. Cells are a component of all living organisms and essentially are life’s…

type? Who gets it? Can you die from it? Is there a cure? Ovarian cysts are sacs containing or semisolid material that develop in or on the surface of an ovary. They are common and the majority are harmless. They do cause symptoms similar to ovarian tumors which can be cancerous. Some symptoms may include nausea, vomiting, bloating painful bowel movements, and pain during sex. Or they might not have any symptoms. Always get them checked. There are many types of ovarian cysts. Two common types of…

of the tumor10 (refer to fig.3). Role of Radiation Therapy in Treatment of Illness The field of radiation therapy lies predominantly in the identification and safe treatment of cancers and tumors. The varying methods of treatment cover a broad spectrum of cancerous and benign tumors throughout the body. Brachytherapy is able to provide large doses of radiation to an area over a smaller time period, and lesser treatments. Intensity modulated EBRT is the most commonly practiced…

The human cell contains the information for the development and functioning in the long chain structure of a material called deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). The same structure is divided in short chains of DNA called genes that grouped completes the human genome, which is formed by almost 23,000 genes encoded by only four different molecules (Copstead-Kirkhorn,2014). The genes are the basic unit of DNA required for the heredity transfer when the cells replicate. The genes represent as a formula or…

The thyroid gland is an organ in the endocrine system located in the throat next to the Adam’s apple and although small shaped is extremely important to a patient’s health. The primary function of the thyroid is to produce two specific thyroid hormones, triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4), and secrete calcitonin that circulates continuously from the gland through the blood to all parts of the body. In fact, thyroid hormones are essential for operating “almost all the cells in the body,…