Basilar artery

" Hyperoxia results from the inhalation of mixtures of gas containing higher partial pressures of oxygen (O2) than normal air at sea level." Therefore our first questions are: how the human body can use the oxygen? Witch pathway needs Oxygen? Here we can introduce the entire aerobic pathway. How the oxygen pass from the lung to the blood? How the oxygen is carry in the blood vessel? Then how the oxygen crosses to pass in the organ that needs oxygen? Now we can start to talk about why we need…

Paul Salem is a 70 year-old male with significant chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). He has no medication allergies and reports using prescribed albuterol inhaler 90mcg, about 4-5 times per week for his COPD, and Phenytoin 3 capsules of 100mg each at bedtime for his seizure treatment. Patient states he has been adherent to his medication regimen through the use of his med box. He also reported he has not had a seizure for several years and his COPD is well stable at the moment. He…

The skin is the largest covering on the human body it is called the epidermis as people age wrinkle develop around their eyes and mouth where fat is loss the dermis become thinner, and the skin may become transparent and lose its elasticity, its mostly can be found in the older patient. The integument (of skin provides several important functions, namely protection from external environmental influences, thermoregulation, electrolyte balance and sensation – pain, touch, heat and cold. The skin…

clavicle. The needle is advanced toward the tip of the contralateral index finger, which is placed in the suprasternal notch. The direction of the needle is now aligned with the central axis of the SCV, minimizing the risk of puncturing the subclavian artery, pleura, or apex of the lung [46]. By keeping the needle in a horizontal plane, the risk of arterial or pleural injury is minimized [47]. On its course the needle goes through skin, superficial fascia, subclavius, clavipectoral fascia, and…

Angiogram: This test uses X-ray innovation to take pictures of blood stream inside of an artery. 3. Magntic resonance imaging (MRI): This kind of imaging test may help your specialist see the brain all the more plainly to better recognize the reason for the dying. 4. Blood tests might likewise be utilized to recognize safe framework issue…

Conclusion: Patent processus vaginalis should always be kept in mind in evaluating patient with perforated appendicitis who develops acute scrotum, regardless the age of patients. We report a rare case of an adult patient who developed scrotal abscess as a complication of a perforated appendicitis. Keyword: patent processus vaginalis, perforated appendicitis, scrotal abscess, ultrasonography Background Patent processus vaginalis (PPV) may change the natural history of appendicitis, one of…

Pulmonary Hypertension is a condition that complicates virtually every level of patient care; from basic prehospital care to tertiary care in a hospital. Perhaps reason it remains as such a nuisance to health care providers is the fact that it is has a very gradual progression from chronic ailment to serious health problem sometimes taking a long time to develop more serious health problems. Pulmonary Hypertension in the most basic and literal sense is defined as increased blood pressure…

One candidate biological system that may function to optimize social connections is parasympathetic activity, often conceptualized as the functioning of the vagus nerve and measured as respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) or high-frequency heart rate variability (HF-HRV) at rest. The longest autonomic nerve in the human body, the vagus contributes to the innervation of the viscera, including the heart. Measures of cardiac vagal function like RSA have been used as a proxy for the parasympathetic…

As a mammal, kangaroo has a respiratory system similar to human respiratory system. They breathe though their nose and mouth. They have a diaphragm and a pair of lungs which are sealed in pleural membranes inside the chest cavity and protected by ribcage. The lowering of diaphragm and expanding of ribcage create a negative pressure in lungs to draw air into lungs, so-called inspiration. Their breathing is linked to their hopping. During locomotion, the diaphragm move up to push out air of…

All tissues in the body rely on oxygen (O2) that is transported in the blood to meet their metabolic needs. O2 is carried in two ways: dissolved or bound to hemoglobin. About 98% of oxygen is transported bound to hemoglobin. And the remaining 2% is carried in the dissolved state. Dissolved oxygen is the only form that diffuses across the cell membranes and produces a partial pressure (PO2) which drives diffusion. The transport of O2 involves the transfer from the alveoli to the pulmonary…