Basalt

It makes up 40% of the Earth’s surface and has a density of 2.6 grams per centimetre cubed. It has a thickness of 35-70 kilometres. Oceanic crust consists of dark coloured rocks made up of basalt known as mafic. Mafic is an igneous rock made of mainly magnesium and iron. Oceanic rock is also 7-10 kilometres thick. It has a density of 3 grams per centimetre cubed. 9. Define the terms subduction, mid-ocean ridge, and ocean trench and island…

GROUP OF MEN PROVE HISTORY’S WORTH OF EVIDENCE WRONG, FIND PREHISTORIC CREATURES IN SOUTH AMERICA!!! Ed Malone, Reporter for Daily Gazette Our band of 12 men seem to have found a completely different subcategory of animals, some similar and some different from the fossils we’ve uncovered before. The self-proclaimed leader of our pack, Professor George E. Challenger, had been the one that started the whole idea, as he went to South America before. Accompanied by Ed Malone (myself)…

The industrial revolution was a period of important changes. Josephine Cochrane, Charles Townshend, James Watt and Josiah Wedgewood were fundamental to process and machinery innovations. Josephine Cochrane was born in1839, Ohio. Cochrane’s husband, a prosperous politician, required his household to host many dinner parties. Over-worked staff often chipped expensive dishes during events. Cochrane observed that inefficient dish-washing was harsh on fine china. Cochrane, widowed at 45, was left…

Field Trip Report: Great Valley Sequence and Coast Range Ophiolite The Moreno Formation in the Great Valley Sequence (GVS) is consisting of interbedded sandstones and organic-rich black shales, which were deposited during Upper Cretaceous (74-80 Ma) in near shore and shallow marine environment according to the fossils found. The sandstone in this outcrop is medium-sorted, angular to sub-angular arkosic arenite, with minerals such as quartz, plagioclase, muscovite and altered biotite. 1/4 of the…

The purpose of a calendar is to keep track of things such as the past or future time, days until a certain event happens which could be holidays or someone’s birthday, or time since an event has happened. There are many different variations of the calendar, including Egyptian, Roman, Gregorian, Lunar, etc. The creation of the calendar was influenced by the geographical location as well as the seasons, although, in warmer countries where seasons cannot be differentiated, the moon would keep the…

and castles. The ring of Kerry is known for its scenery and beauty. The fourth is the cliffs of moher, which is famous for its beauty and breathtaking views. The fifth is the Giant’s Causeway. The giants cause way is a coastal area of almost 40,000 basalt columns. The sixth is the Aran Islands. A chain of three islands that are known for their beauty and old culture. The people there hold together the culture. The seventh is Trinity College, The most prestigious college in Ireland. The college…

When the earth was first created, the materials that it made were so hot from the contractions that formed the planet and from the heat generated by the core that the outer layers were mostly liquid. Over time, it slowly cooled, and a hard crust formed on the outer surface. This was much like the thin layer of ice that first forms over a pond when the temperature dips below freezing. And just as there is liquid under the layer of ice, there is still liquid magma flowing under the crust. As this…

Climate Seasonal Temperatures Modoc Plateau features moderately extreme weather, with warm summers and cold winters. In the summers, average temperatures can reach 30°C (85°F) during the day and 8°C (47°F) during the night. On the other hand, winters have daytime temperatures of 5°C (42°F) and nighttime temperatures of -6°C (20°F). Temperatures in the Modoc Plateau are generally similar from region to region, with the exception of nearby mountains such as Mount Shasta. Precipitation Unlike…

The Peqi’in Burial Cave The Peqi'in cave is situated in the Galilean hills, which sloped down to the “east to Peqi’in valley” in northern Israel . The Peqi’in cave was discovered in 1995, when a road was being built when a “bulldozer accidentally” collapsed the roof of the cave . In the summer of 1995, salvage excavation was conducted by Israel Antiquities Authority (IAA) . This Chalcolithic burial site was revealed to be a geologically active cave. Stratigraphy The length of the cave is 17…

being reconstructed by Napoleon’s army near the town of el-Rashid (or Rosetta). So, after the defeat of Napoleon the British took ownership of the stone through Treaty of Alexandria (The Rosetta Stone). Originally it was the said that the stone was Basalt, but now studies have proven that it is actually a type of graphite called granodiorite (Rosetta Stone-BYU). Today the Rosetta stone can be located in the British Museum in London, England. It is the most popular exhibit in the museum (Rosetta…