Bacillus

Americans get food poisoning . Food poisoning occurs due to the contamination of food through microorganisms. Botulism is a form of food poisoning caused by the microorganism Clostridium botulinum. Clostridium botulinum is a gram-positive bacterium, bacillus in shape, and is an obligate anaerobe.1 The bacterium can produce endospores, making it resistant to microbial control methods. Clostridium botulinum survives in nonliving reservoirs1 . It is commonly found in soil and large bodies of water.…

The Germ Theory of Disease which is, specific diseases are caused by specific microorganisms, changed the medical field completely. It battled the Spontaneous Generation theory that dominated the medical thought as the cause of disease. The theory originated through the work of many different physicians and would eventually change and improve the medical and public health systems. The Germ theory of disease came about around the mid 1800’s. The work of Louis Pasteur and Robert Koch would…

Crossing certain crops to induce certain traits in offspring is not a new process. In fact, farmers around the world have used conventional breeding practices such as artificial selection to produce higher-yielding crops for centuries. Those practices were not frowned upon, but instead considered necessary if agriculture was to continue to support the world’s growing population. Today, we face a similar problem. The Earth’s population is expected to reach 9 billion by 2050, and world…

In a recent lawsuit against Chipotle arguing that Chipotle’s non-GMO claims from the franchises’ new “G-M-Over it” marketing campaign were false and misleading. Although it advertises it is GMO free, Chipotle sells meat and dairy products produced from animals fed genetically modified feed, and a variety of soft drinks from third party suppliers that contain sweeteners from genetically altered corn as clearly stated on its website. Apparent ethical values would be transparency and honesty…

Our world is made up of many different cultures and it would not be how it is today without these different cultures. Some cultures believe they are superior to others and this results in cultural differences and barriers. In Anne Fadiman’s book, The Spirit Catches You and You Fall Down, she explains cultural barriers that can develop through cultural differences, when one culture enters into another culture’s area. Fadiman writes about the Hmong culture entering the United States and evaluates…

The purpose of performing physiological tests is to figure out certain characteristics of microorganisms or to reach a conclusion on what an unknown microorganism is. It can be also used to determine what is needed for bacteria to be cultured in or on certain media. Culture media can either be liquid or solid, and they can be used to identify certain characteristics of different bacterial species. This is indicated by the growth or lack of growth in or on certain media. Solid media can also be…

In the war against terrorism, Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD) pose a potential strategic scenario (White, 2012). R. James Woolsey, former head of the Central Intelligence Agency believes terrorist possessing the capabilities of WMD represent the single most serious threat to United States national security ( ). The challenges of WMD are; they are easy to build and easy to hide. One of the most challenging weapon types of WMD are biological agents. These agents are viewed as infectious…

Since, over the last few decades, PGPRs utilization for viable agriculture has increased worldwide enormously. Several PGPRs including Enterobacter, Azospirillum, Bacillus, Azotobacter, Pseudomonas, Actinobacter, Bradyrhizobium, etc. are being utilized to produce modernized organic biofertilizers (Vessey 2003). Additionally, P. aeruginosa and P. fluorescens are two highly potent bacterial strains which are generally…

Fashion is always changing; month after month companies are coming up with new styles for the upcoming season. Particularly in stores like H&M, Zara, and Forever 21, they come up with fashion ideas and designs week after week. These stores are a part of big business, specifically when it comes to fast fashion. The phrase ‘fast fashion’ refers to designs rapidly move from the runway and into stores in order to have the current fashion trends. Although this seems like a fantastic notion for those…

country in the world that’s staple is mainly genetically modified. Genetically modified maize in South Africa, that are planted and harvested in South Africa, are known as Bt-crops. Bt-crops are so named from the protein produced by a soil bacterium, Bacillus thuringiensis, this protein killed insects when they eat and digest it. Therefore these maize plants cut back on pesticides. The effect on the environment is…