contrast of microscopic pictures are determined by the quality of the dye solution and the procedure used. There are two viewpoints on the division of dyes – chemical and practical classification. In chemical classification, organic dyes are divided into azo dyes, nitro and nitroso dyes, chinone dyes, di- and triphenylmethan dyes, xanthenes dyes, acidrine dyes, azine dyes, oxazine dyes, thiazine dyes, and vat dye. On the other hand, practical classification divides dyes based on their coloring…
The various case studies describe only two pigments that were found to pass through the lymphatic system: blue and black. There are two types of tattoo inks, azo dyes and metal salt ink. The most typical ink being used is the metal salt ink. Metal salt pigments contain metals like cobalt, cadmium, dichromate and mercury. Black pigment contains carbon black with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. The black pigment…
identification of compounds by HPLC is a crucial part of any HPLC assay. In order to identify any compound by HPLC a detector must first be selected. Identifying a compound by HPLC is accomplished by researching the literature and by trial and error. A sample of known compound must be utilized in order to assure identification of the unknown compound. Identification of compound can be assured by combining two or more detection methods. 3. Quantification: quantification of compounds by HPLC is…
(HNO2) is used as a source of nitrosonium ion (N≡O+). The nitrosonium ion by reacting with an aromatic amine converted into a diazonium salt. As diazonium ion is a weak electrophile, it reacts with electron-rich, aromatic coupling agents to produce an azo dye. The products are mainly ortho and para due to the reaction being an electrophilic aromatic substitution Reaction: p-nitroaniline p-nitro benzenediazonium chloride Para-red Procedure: Production of…
cause harm to children even before birth. Others may trigger allergic reactions in some people. Some flame retardants that are used in certain textiles contain organic bromine compounds that are persistent (break down very slowly in the environment). The use of some dangerous chemicals in textiles is restricted such as azo dyes and formaldehyde. All textiles processes have an impact on the environment. The industry uses large amounts of natural resources such as water, while many operations use…
compositions across the BBB is evident in the biomedical research. This impacted greatly the pharmaceutical interventions of various neurodegenerative disorders, brain tumours and impairment of the CNS [1].BBB is the main route for the therapeutic compounds targeted to the brain. But, majority of the neuro-medicines, transporter ligands and hydrophilic (water loving) molecules have less permeability across this region [1]. Nanocarriers (size 1-100nm) are defined as carriers being used to…