Ayaan Hirsi Ali

Abu Bakr the first Rashidun caliph (r. 632–634), a member of the Taym clan and one of the Prophet's closest companions was the first adult male convert to Islam . A merchant and an expert on the genealogies of the Arab tribes, Abu Bakr came to be known as al-Siddiq, the one who trusts, a reference to the fact that he alone believed the Prophet’s story of his night journey to Jerusalem. Recognized even in Mecca as the foremost member of the Muslim community after Muhammad, he is credited with the…

people the Sunni and Shia. Split soon after the death of the prophet Muhammad over who should lead 3 the Muslim Community. They have co-existed for centuries and share many fundamental beliefs and practices. Shia claim the right to Ali, the son-in-law of the prophet Muhammad, and his descendants to lead the Islamic Community. Sunni venerate all the prophets mention in the Koran, but particularly the prophet Muhammad as the final prophet. From Lebanon to Syria to Iraq…

The Dawoodi Bohra community are a sect within the Ismaili branch of Shi’a Islam. They are the followers The Prophet (s.a), His successor, Imam Ali (s.a), and his successor, Imam Hussain. After the twenty-first Imam went into hiding the leadership continued through Dai 's hoping that the Imam would return one day. So far there have been 53 Dai 's. After the passing of the 52nd Dai, Syedna Mohammed…

Essays for Final Exam Part A. II. The decline of the Ghaznavids and the rise of the Seljuk empire, 1040-1200 The sultan-caliph relationship was established when the Turks entered Islam. They did not abolish the Caliphate, by replaced it with a new institution, the Sultanate. It was in the second half of the eleventh century that a third nation was added to the Islam empire. The Turks first entered the Caliphate four hundred years earlier when they were brought in as slaves or adventurers…

Muhammad said, “He of whom I am the mawla (master, leader, friend), of him 'Ali is also the mawla” (qtd. in Jafri Chapter 1). While both modern and ancient Shi’a scholars interpret the word “mawla” as meaning master or leader, the Sunni scholars interpret “mawla” as meaning friend, and therefore write that Muhammad never endorsed 'Ali as the next leader of Islam (Jafri Chapter 1). Islam was created in 610, when Muhammad claimed to have received revelations…

Shiite and Sunni Islam Ever since the death of the Prophet Muhammad in 632 A.D. there has been a divide in the Islam religion. Many debated on who the rightful successor was, causing a rivalry. This rivalry has created two separate branches of Islam: the Sunnis and the Shiites. Of the 1.6 billion Muslims in the world, eighty-five to ninety percent of them are Sunnis. Sunnis believe that the rightful successor to Muhammad is Abu Bakr. Since none of Muhammad’s sons survived into adulthood,…

incompetent son Yazid to ascend to power and effectively concentrated the Islamic rule amongst the Umayyad clan. The majority believed there were other more pious and appropriate individuals . Muawiya was also instrumental in the first fitna against Ali which killed multiple prominent Muslim figures. Non-Arab converts also contested the increasing disparities amongst their status and that of Arab Muslims under the Umayyad rule . In contrast, Hajjaj’s “obedience towards the Umayyads and his…

Under the Black Flag: At the Frontier of the New Jihad by Sami Moubayed was a very educational book that included many specific details and important information. This book covered the topic and ideas of terrorism, ISIS, and al-Qaeda. I chose this book to learn more about the importance of this field, and I expected to understand the background, motives, and reasoning behind ISIS and terrorism. This 240 page nonfiction introduction to ISIS published by I.B.Tauris&Co.Ltd was a very educational…

‘momin’ loves Ali and none but a hypocrite hates Ali.” With regard to the above Ḥadīth, Qazi No’man, who served as a Qāḍī (jurist) for many years during the Fatimid rule in North Africa, writes in his book Kitab-ul-Himma fi Adabi Ataba-el-a’emma (Code of Conduct for the followers of the Imam): “It is said that in the days of the Prophet, ‘momins’ could not be distinguished from hypocrites by anything but their love for Ali. The Prophet ordained and exhorted his followers to love Ali and God…

Discussion “The individual does not have the power to change a sign in any way once it has become established in the linguistic community; I mean that it is unmotivated, i.e. arbitrary in that it actually has no natural connection with the signified…” (Lemert, 2013, p. 116). Actually I don 't agree on this, I believe that the individual is the highest value, the freedom of him is of the highest. Always the individual is ignored in favour of the group and has no value, and this is the good reason…