Axon

The definition of the bystander effect is as followed: a social psychological phenomenon that refers to cases in which individuals do not offer any means of help to a victim when other people are present. The probability of help is inversely related to the number of bystanders. Social interactions can influence the way people react to a certain situation. Conformity also plays a major part in the bystander effect as well as sterotypes; it influences the way people react when they see other…

American University of Beirut (AUB) Faculty of Engineering and Architecture (FEA) Department of Electrical Engineering Biomedical Engineering Seminar (EECE 401) Prof. Nassir Hussni Sabah Assignment 1 Seminar on Birdsong Waddah Malaeb Mechanical Engineering 201204320 wam13@mail.aub.edu 1. Describe the neuronal pathway involved in vocalization of bird song. In the above figure shown, in blue is the vocal motor output pathway, where the signal begins in the HVc (High vocal center) which…

Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease affects 1 in 2,500 people in the United States, affecting over 2.8 million people worldwide. This disease is classified as a neurological disorder and largely affects the muscles and nerves, namely in the lower legs and feet. CMT is caused by over 100 different gene mutations and is classified into four types as well as multiple subtypes. According to the Charcot-Marie-Tooth Association, there are multiple types of Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease, each of which have…

Muscle cells play a very important role in movement of our body. There are three types of muscle cells in vertebrates: skeletal, cardiac and smooth. We are mainly going to be concerned with skeletal muscle for this particular experiment. The skeletal muscle is responsible for the voluntary movement of whole body or body parts, manipulation of external objects, support for our skeleton (Sherwood, 2010, p257). Skeletal muscles have a striated structures of alternating light and dark bands…

Psychological Evaluation and Psychiatric Issues Symptoms associated with CTE are currently classified according to whether problems or changes are observed in cognitive processing, mood, or behaviour. Symptoms in these areas are usually diagnosed years or even decades after repetitive brain trauma when the neurodegeneration progresses to the point that changes in cognition, mood, or behaviour begins to interfere with daily functioning. Changes in these three symptom areas can be mild at first…

virtually all areas of the central nervous system. When the hypothalamus senses a change in homeostasis, a hypothalmic neuron synthesizes and releases the tropic hormone called thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH). TRH travels down the axon of the neuron and into the axon terminal where TRH is released. Following the release, TRH travels through the hypothalamohypophyseal portal vessels into the anterior pituitary gland where TRH binds to receptors on the endocrine cells. Once bound, stimulation…

For this assignment, the virus that I chose to research further was the rabies virus, from the genus Lyssavirus. The rabies virus is a single-stranded RNA virus with a cylindrical structure that is covered by a layer of matrix protein. Its lipoprotein envelope is scattered with rabies glycoprotein-carrying trimeric spikes. This glycoprotein envelope can also influence the rabies virus virulence. The article I read also covered the pathology of the rabies virus, prevention strategies, vaccines,…

how neurons in a human brain or animals work and how they involve the mirror neuron. The action potential is also present in the article when the neuron is activated by what the subject views and wants to mimic, electrical impulses travel to the next axon to create emotion for the object viewed by the…

Animal Physiology As the meaning of word ’anatomy’ is the biological form of an animal, physiology means the biological function of an animal. Animal physiology differs in several ways from animal to animal, but all animals share some principal functions. Such functions are attaining nutrients, performing osmoregulation and excretion, and protecting themselves against pathogens. Animals manage these actions by exchanging with the environment. Exchanging is the action when substances in an…

Guillain-Barre Syndrome is a disorder that affects the peripheral nervous system. It is an autoimmune disease that forms antibodies against peripheral nerves. There is no definite etiology for GBS. This disease shows different symptoms depending on the type of GBS and its severity. Treatments are available for people who have this disease, but as of now, there is no cure (Biomarkers). An exact cause of GBS has not been found, but its symptoms have been noted to follow a pattern. In most cases,…