Axon

and disability worldwide, with approximately 2 million reported TBI events in the US annually. The pathology of TBI is a highly complex process with both initial mechanical injury and delayed mechanisms. Primary injuries directly damage the neurons, axons, dendrites, glia and blood vessels in a focal, multifocal, or diffuse pattern. Primary injuries initiate a secondary, dynamic series of complex cellular, inflammatory, mitochondrial, neurochemical and metabolic alterations{Schubert:2012eb,…

Chronic diseases can be quite debilitating. A chronic disease is a disease that is long-lasting and can be treated but not cured (Chronic Disease, n.d.). This means that, although the symptoms of the disease may be managed, it will never go away completely. Multiple sclerosis is one of these treatable but incurable diseases. Even with treatment, a person diagnosed with multiple sclerosis will always experience some degree of disability. What is multiple sclerosis? How does it present itself? How…

example of a mutation in a gene causing failure of GnRH neuronal migration is with the NELF (5) gene that encoded for nasal embryonic LH-releasing hormone factor (NELF). NELF is needed for the attachment of GnRH neurones to the olfactory receptor axons. The GnRH neurones attach and…

Promote interior conditions that could be required control for homeostasis. Those are water substance and body temperature. In the event that homeostasis does not kept up, the body can't be capacity legitimately and disease may guarantee. Homeostasis is the procedure in that the body's inside surroundings is hold consistent in light of any outside environment changes. This includes keeping up consistent quality in different body frameworks. Temperature direction is a vital substantial capacity…

Many people have heard of, or participated in, the ALS Ice Bucket Challenge but many people fail to realize what ALS is. Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) or Lou Gehrig’s disease is a motor neuron disease that causes degeneration of neurons that control voluntary muscles. ALS is not a single disease, but a clinical diagnosis for many different pathophysiologic diseases that share a common factor of progressive loss of motor neurons and break down of the motor neuron system. ALS is known by…

Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor (SSRI), which is prescribed to those who produce too little serotonin, resulting in chemical depression. It works its magic in neurons that produce the neurotransmitter, by clogging the serotonin reuptake sites so the axons keeps firing. I clearly remember sophomore year of highschool as the period where my anxiety and depression decided to rear their ugly heads. I was struggling with advanced algebra two, my romantic life was a mess and I was supposed to start…

anxiety, depression, lack of motivation and decreased ability to concentrate. This “crash” does not typically last long. However, chronic users of MDMA will experience longer crashes due to decreased serotonin-containing neurons and damaged serotonergic axons in the…

Egypt and ruled for 747 to 656 B.C.E. The Kingdom of Kush fell apart due to internal rebellion, which cause the downfall of the Nubians Kingdom. The Kingdom of Aksum emerged in Ethiopia, and mixture of Arabs, and Africans in 500 B.C.E found the city of Axon. King Ezana embraced Christianity in 340 B.C.E. and made it the official religion of Axum. The Nubians had a great impact on other empires and regions especially in trade and religion wise. The people of Bantu, which came around 1000 the…

The primary body system involved with schizophrenia and depression is the central nervous system (CNS). The CNS consists of the brain and spinal cord. Within the nervous system, the CNS is the integration and control centre. Through communicating cells named neurons, the CNS interprets sensory input and generates motor output (Marieb & Hoehn, 2013). Neurons are cells that are specialised for rapid communication. Communication between neurons occurs at junctional points, or synapses. (Kiernan &…

Glucocorticoid are primarily used therapeutically as anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive agent. They are secreted from the adrenal cortex of the adrenal gland in a circadian manner or in response to stress perceived by the brain. They are able to modulate physiological homeostasis and coordinate those adaptive responses to stressors. An imbalance in glucocorticoid levels, specifically chronic glucocorticoid has been associated with a number of neuropsychiatric disorders, specifically…