Axon

network, extending posteriorly from the entrance of the scleral canal, through which the axons passed; the network ended before the myelin sheath of most axons. The results equally supported the hypothesis that the glial lamina was an important site of axon trauma. Neurons in the nerve fibre layer, in the prelaminar region (optic nerve head), and at the exit point of the lamina were analyzed, and damaged axon segments, similar to dystrophic neurites of other conditions, were readily detected in…

similar structure; the cell body, axon, dendrites, terminal buttons, etc. The cell body is formed on a single strand called an axon. Branching from the axon, are dendrites. The function of the dendrite is to collect incoming or afferent information from other dendrites to pass to the axon. Once the axon receives the information it sends out efferent information to other cells. Long axons project information to farther distances in the body (interneurons), while shorter axons communicate with…

Most people can recall a favorite childhood memory off the top of their head. Or how just one word can trigger a significant moment in the past. Or remembering your aunt’s homemade cookie recipe. We can all know that two plus two equals four because it has been drilled into our heads since we were children. The human memory is irreplaceable and something that we rely on everyday. But how does our brains remember directions to our favorite restaurant or what our dad’s favorite color is? Where are…

When the electrical signal traveling down the axon of one nerve reaches the end of the axon, or the axon terminal, the signal must travel to the dendrites of the next neuron to continue on its path. To reach the dendrite, the signal must first cross a gap, called the synapse, between the axon terminal of the sending neuron and the dendrite of the receiving neuron. The neuron sending the message, called the presynaptic…

Student no:16472374 The nervous system and neuron communication The nervous system is a highly complex and broad area of biopsychology. People depend on the nervous system for their survival and safety.This essay will explore the components from which the nervous system is composed and their main functions. This essay will also decipher the mechanisms through which neurons communicate. According to Carlson (2014) the Nervous system is branched into two categories - the central nervous system…

Neurotransmitters are released from synaptic vesicles after they move down the axon and fuse across the cleft. This vesicle transport depends on the protein kinesin which moves synaptic vesicles down the axon to the synapse for release. The inability to move a vesicle down the axon will be kinesin related since kinesin is linked principally with organelles that travel in the anterograde direction on the axon (Nobutaka). The nematode C. elegans is a model organism for studying these functional…

of ions inside and outside the cell. If this change reaches threshold, it sends a signal down the neuron’s membrane to the axon. At the axon, the neuron fires the signal to a neighboring neuron, and the process repeats. Once the electrical potential of Neuron A (presynaptic neuron) reaches -60mV the sodium and potassium channels in the neuron open at the beginning of the axon. The influx of positive sodium ions into the cell makes the inside of the cell more positive and leaves the outside of…

potential at the dendrites will move to the cell body, and then from the cell body it will be propagated in one direction along the axon until it gets to the terminal. The axons of some neurons have an extra layer called a myelin sheath (myelinated). The myelin sheath is an insulator that helps increase the velocity at which an action potential is propagated along an axon. The myelin sheath is commonly made of a type of glial cell known as the Schwann cell. The Schwann cells have small gaps…

not neurons and usually outnumber the neurons at a ratio of 10 to 1. The typical peripheral glial cells surrounding the axons are referred to as Schwann cells and are useful in myelination. The microglia, oligodendrocytes, and astrocytes form the central glia and are associated with the neuronal cell bodies. The gray matter of the central nervous system contains synapses, axons, dendrites, and neuronal cell…

unmyelinated axons, when they do have Myelination the process of propagation is different. When the axons have myelination they send the charge even faster than without because it is being conducted and given a boundary that the charge with not get last through and will go one way together. Not only through myelination but also the diameter of the axon, the bigger the axon the quicker the action potential will travel through. The action potential are transmitted while you go down the axons…