Aversives

According to Cooper et al., (2007), stimulus control is when the SD is altered by the presence or amplification of the antecedent stimulus (p. 393). For example, if the client does not brush teeth at school, but at home this could alter the SD. Therefore, it is important for the behavior analyst to determine which procedure to use. The authors stated that pre-attending skills are important when developing stimulus control (Cooper et al.,(2007, p.400).For example, if the client does not have the…

Treatment #1 Treatment Method: Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (E.M.D.R.) School of Thought/Perspective: Cognitive-Behavioral Application: Phase 1: Evaluate the client’s aptness to therapy and identify potential targets for E.M.D.R. Including but not limited to: distressing memories; current situations that produce emotional distress; similar events from the past. Stress is put on the growth of explicit skills and behaviors that will be required future situations; Goal: for…

The Middles Ages crimes did not give people a reasonable punishment. The definition on punishment is different the definition of punishment in the middle ages. The middle age definition of punishment is to impose or inflict something unpleasant or aversive on a person in response to disobedient or morally wrong behavior. Punishment means to impose a penalty for a wrong committed (Medieval Torture and…

Prosocial behavior is behavior intended to benefit others—behaviors such as helping, comforting, sharing, cooperating, reassuring, defending, and showing concern (Fiske, p. 336). There are a number of reasons why people engage in prosocial behavior. Most times prosocial behaviors are acquired during childhood and adolescence years by adults that encourage them to share, act kindly, have respect and help others. Prosocial behavior is influenced by a number of factors. The Altruism conceptually…

it can possibly eliminate problematic behavior. II. Background: A. Because of the advancements in innovation and shifts in cultural values, there was a demand in the early 80’s to design an application for challenging behavior. B. The non-aversive technology that emerged in the late 80’s and early 90’s for addressing challenging behaviors of individuals with severe disabilities was referred to as positive behavioral supports. 1. Positive Behavior Supports (PBS) can be applied with…

Treatments Studies of pica show that there has been very little amounts of investigation done based on community-based research for people with pica (Gravestock, 2008). In other words, there has been little research done on individuals with pica whom do not live in an institutional setting and live within their communities. In order for an intervention to be a successful treatment, it must diminish the behavior 70%-90% from the baseline (Williams & McAdam, 2012). This successful treatment…

My cousin was bitten by a brown recluse, that spider put a whole in her leg to where she was in the hospital for days it was very nasty looking. That night I remember when I went to sleep and woke up that next morning, it was one on my arm that spider scared me so bad to where I knock it off of me so fast, and hard to where I kill it instantly, but one thing it didn’t bite me at all. Every since then I always been scare of spider. That is a classical conditioning because it’s an emotional…

It does so by giving an aversive action (something the learning does not like) when they give the wrong response and then stopping the aversive action when the learner gives the correct response. Punishment: - Punishment seeks to break the S-R bond – the link between a stimulus and a response – because the wrong response is given…

three main systems of Gray’s reinforcement sensitivity theory. The first main system is called the fight-flight-freeze system which means that this system is associated with the emotion of fear and is responsible for orchestrating our reactions to aversive stimuli; The second main system is called the behavioral approach system which means that this system organizes reactions to “appetitive stimuli” that are enticing, pleasurable, and rewarding; The third main system is called…

Mindfulness-based interventions were used to target binge eating, emotional eating, and external eating behaviors in an Obesity Treatment journal. Researchers defined Mindfulness-based Theory as “a quality of consciousness that is characterized by continually attending an individual’s moment-to-moment experiences, thoughts, and emotions with an open, non-judgmental approach”. Many of the recent interventions that have been used for over eating disorders have been a combination of mindfulness and…