Atrophy

correlate with different indices of brain pathology as revealed by MRI.  Lesions and atrophy: Studies have shown that global markers of impaired cognition have been linked to total hyper- and hypo-intense lesion volume (Rovaris et al., 1998; Lazeron et al., 2005; Sperling et al., 2001; Rao et al., 1989). This may be due to the lesions disrupting cortical-cortical connections (Lezak, Howieson& Loring, 2004). Brain atrophy is found to be a more powerful predictor of cognitive impairment than…

resulting in more severe disease. HD is diagnosed on clinical grounds with positive genetically proven family history. A genetic testing is advised if a family history is absent or not genetically proven. An MRI of the brain reveals caudate nucleus atrophy. MRI of the brain also excludes other conditions; the most important of which are stroke, multiple sclerosis, and…

Since hypophysectomized animals often eat less, Ingle included an intact group with a restricted diet to determine whether reduced eating would cause weight loss in the adrenal glands. Adrenal atrophy was not observed in this group, so Ingle was able to conclude that the adrenal atrophy was due to reduced activity of the anterior pituitary…

Spaceflight Osteopenia (Bone Atrophy) Spaceflight osteopenia refers to the reduction in bone density that occurs during space travel. The depletion of bone mass experienced by astronauts could weaken the bones and is a consequential side effect of extended spaceflight. This could present critical problems when the astronauts return to a weight-bearing environment such as the Earth. Researchers speculate the number one cause of bone atrophy in space is weightlessness, where both the astronauts…

presents with the sudden onset of weakness in his right upper extremity following a fall in which he landed on his right shoulder. These symptoms began about one month prior to his visit. On examination there is weakness and atrophy (wasting) of the deltoid and biceps muscle. No atrophy is noted elsewhere. No fasciculations are noted. Muscle tone at the elbow with extension at the elbow (stretching the biceps muscle) is reduced although normal elsewhere. Tapping the biceps muscle tendon fails to…

Case Study: Hereditary Canine Spinal Muscular Atrophy Genetic Background Hereditary canine spinal muscular atrophy (HCSMA) is proven to be an autosomal-dominate disease that affects most noticeably the Brittany spaniel (Pinter MJ, Waldeck RF, Wallace N, & Cork LC, Motor Unit Behavior in Canine Motor Neuron Disease, 1995). HCSMA originated as a spontaneous mutation in the Survivor Motor Neutron gene found in the purebred Brittany spaniel population (Ericsson. A & Rubin. C, 2012). Due to the…

In order to fully assist the patient in the case study a comprehensive analysis must be used to fully address all of the patient 's ailments. The individual has some physical issues that need to be addressed, such as the diabetes and the obesity. These should be looked at first because, in order to treat any psychological issues, the physical issues need to be worked on. A person who feels better has a better chance at addressing other issues. Psychologically the patient needs to address the…

scientific understanding of SMA that could lead to a breakthrough in treatment that will strengthen infant’s bodies, extend life, and lead to a cure for their illness. Topic: Today, I am going to discuss a horrible disease, called Spinal Muscular Atrophy that plagues our children in the world today. Importance: This disease is the number one genetic cause of death in infants in America today. Credibility: I have been actively involved in fundraising money for research after my cousin passed…

This reduction is caused by several types of atrophy in the brain: cortical, hippocampal, and pituitary gland (Costanza, et al., 2011). Cortical atrophy is the atrophy of the posterior cerebral cortex. This causes disruptions in visual processing. Hippocampal atrophy causes memory loss and disorientation. Atrophy of the pituitary gland, also called hypopituitarism, is when the pituitary gland does not produce adequate amounts of…

Kennedy’s disease starts to appear in males between the ages of 30 to 50 years old. Kennedy’s disease has many other designations that are used for this disorder, but the most common are X-linked Spinal and Bulbar Muscular Atrophy, X-linked Spinal Bulbar Muscular Atrophy, or SBMA (Kennedy's Disease Association, 2015). SBMA is a rare disorder because it affects one in 150,000 individuals…