Atomic Age

The element I selected for the Element Research Project is Osmium. Osmium’s chemical symbol is Os. Osmium’s atomic mass is 190 amu. Osmium’s atomic number is 76, it has 76 protons and 76 electrons. Osmium also has 114 neutrons. Osmium belongs to the transition metal group in the middle of the periodic table. Osmium’s Bohr model with electric configuration has two electrons in the first shell, eight in the second shell, eighteen is the third shell, thirty two in the fourth shell, fourteen in the…

Salbutamol Discovery Chiral chemistry was introduced in 1848 by French chemist and biologist, Louis Pasteur. He discovered this new branch of chemistry after he separated two isomers of ammonium tartate (1). This paved the way for several progressions in the pharmaceutical industry. Although it took approximately a century for scientists to use chiral compounds as effective drugs, they have played a remarkable role in the life of plants and animals (1). The credit for discovering the chiral…

How are elements useful for a particular use? An element is made from one type of atom and this article is about the element Scandium. Scandium was discovered in the year 1879 by Scientist Lars Fredrik Nilson in the university of Uppsala. The origin of the name comes from the word Scandia, which is the latin name for Scandinavia. This element belongs to group 3 which consists of transition metals and Scandium shares this group with the element Yttrium. There are 4 groups in the periodic table…

(Jefferson Lab Web). However, even though this element was found by Arfvedson, William Thomas Brande and Sir Humphrey Davy were the first people to isolate it (Jefferson Lab Web). Lithium is very abundant, it is a soft silver white alkali metal with the atomic number of three. Lithium is silver and contains no odor (Element Project). In addition to those features, lithium has a total of seven isotopes, two natural and five unnatural. The two natural occurring isotopes are 6Li (7.59%…

to calculate average atomic mass. By separating, counting, and weighing beans we were able to create the numbers used to calculate the weight of one bean. From there, we could use the total number of beans to produce the percent abundance for each type of bean. These were the numbers that we had to produce in order to understand how and why there are many types of isotopes for each element. In doing this lab, we can think through the importance of finding the average atomic mass and not just…

Atomic theory developed 2,500 years ago and evolved around the question whether or not something could be divided into forever. Greek philosophers debated this subject a lot, especially one name Democritus. He believed that something would only be able to be divided to a certain point because matter consisted of atoms and atoms are indestructible. Aristotle, however did believe something could be divided forever and did not believe in atoms. With all this controversy, one would expect an atom…

2.1 Silicon-Carbide (SiC) Initially, Silicon carbide (SiC) was accidentally introduced by Edward G. Acheson in 1890. Silicon Carbide can be stated as a chemical compound of Silicon and the carbon. Edward G. Acheson was running an experiment on the synthesis of diamonds. At that time, it was produced by a high temperature electro chemical reaction of sand and carbon. We can also find the silicon carbide very rarely in nature in very small amounts. Also Edward G. Acheson was the first person to…

The history of piezoelectricity evolution is over 120 years which was discovered by brothers Curie in 1880. They were Pierre Curie (1859-1906) and Jacques Curie (1855-1941). During the study of the generation surface electrical charge by applying pressure on some material, they found out an unusual phenomenon which was a voltage of opposite polarity was generated by pressure was applied on the crystalline minerals such as quartz. The amplitude of the generated voltage was proportional to the…

transition between the alpha and beta form is temperature dependent. As temperature increases, the atoms within the crystal vibrate more vigorously leading to an expansion of the thermal ellipsoids, and as a result, the atomic volume increases. In order to accommodate this increase in atomic volume, the internal crystal structure also changes through tetrahedral tilting. A highly ordered structure with higher level of symmetry is then formed. In the case of iron phosphate, as temperature…

The CGS framework retreats to a proposition in 1832 by the German mathematician Carl Friedrich Gauss to base an arrangement of supreme units on the three essential units of length, mass and time. Gauss picked the units of millimeter, milligram and second The centimetre–gram–second arrangement of units (truncated CGS or cgs) is a variation of the metric framework taking into account the centimeter as the unit of length, the gram as the unit of mass, and the second as the unit of time. All CGS…