Atmospheric thermodynamics

Thermal effect results from the change in the heat capacity of the gases in the combustion chamber. It is worth mentioning that EGR contains water and CO2 which have higher specific heat capacity than air. The change in absorbing heat is proportional to the added mass, to the heat capacity at constant pressure and to the difference in temperature between the EGR and the combustion temperature. ΔQ=Δm*Cp*(Tcom-Tegr) The change in specific heat capacity results from charge dilution and represents…

Table of Contents 1. Fluid Mechanics 1.1 Main Branches 1.1.1 Fluid Statics 1.1.2 Fluid Dynamics 1.2 Non-Newtonian and Newtonian Fluids 1.3 Fluids in technology 1.4 Fluid mechanics serving role in society 2. Capillary Effect 3. Self Perpetual motion 1. Fluid mechanics Fluid mechanics is related to the fluids that are in motion and forces acting on them. Fluid mechanics has two branches fluid statics and fluid dynamics. In Fluid Mechanics we actually observe fluid motion and…

Microwave (MW) assisted Esterification of Benzoic Acid (BA) offers the advantage of transformation of energy and heating throughout the volume efficiently in a shorter period and eliminates the use of excess solvent, during the course of reaction. The present study aims to assess the conversion and selectivity for the production of methyl benzoate compounds by esterification of benzoic acid using microwave irradiation. Effects of operating parameters such as reaction time, feed composition,…

2.1. Theoretical Background 2.2. Material Selection Material selection plays an important role as the humidifier has to deal with a pressure of 2 Bar and temperature ranging from ambient to 90oC (maximum) and have to bare a load of 80 Newton. Simultaneously it should be lighter than aluminum and should be cheaper and fabricating time should be less and it should be capable of mass production and before all this it should serve the purpose. when developing plastic parts. Selection of an…

3.3.2. Initial and Boundary Conditions. The pipe is subject to atmospheric pressure Po at time zero this represented initial condition . Boundary condition represented as at the pipe inlet profiles, uniform pressure Pinlet and its value change with concentration of nanofluid [φ%] and inlet temperature T0 = 60 ºC can be measured for all experimental . On the pipe wall, the pressure was atmospheric pressure Po . Moreover, flow and thermal fields are assumed symmetrical with respect to…

would get into the MS unit. The interface transfers the analyte in solution phase from the LC column to the high vacuum of the MS as a single molecule in the gas phase. Two interfaces will be discussed: Electrospray Ionisation Interface (ESI) Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Ionisation (APCI) Interface Electrospray Ionisation Interface (ESI) Figure 2: Schematic Diagram of Electrospray Ionisation…

3. Results and Discussion 3.1. Temperature dependence of D.C. Electrical Resistivity The temperature dependence of the D.C. electrical resistivity of all the samples of Co-Cr ferrite system was studied using two probe method in the temperature range of 200-7000C. The resistivity of the prepared samples was calculated using the relation 1. From fig. 1 and 4, it is clear that the resistivity decreases with increasing temperature ensuring the semiconducting nature of the prepared spinel ferrites…

COMPARATIVE STUDY ON FRICTION WELDED AND ELECTRON BEAM WELDED JOINTS MADE BY 20VNiMoCr120 STEEL Gabriela IANCULESCU*, Lucia Violeta MELNIC, Marian Andrei GURĂU Ovidius University of Constanta Abstract: In the paper there are presented experimental results concerning mechanical characteristics of friction-welded joints in comparison with electron beam welded joints, made by 20VNiMoCr120 heat-resistant steel, which are part of some elements working at high pressure and temperature. The paper…

1. OBJECTIVES The objectives of the experiment are: • Measurement of creep deformation in 2 materials; lead and polypropylene at room temperature. • Determine how creep deformation of chosen materials can be affected by stress. • Recognise that the two classes of materials show differences in creep behaviour. • Awareness of creep as a design consideration. 2. THEORY 2.1 Introduction Structural materials are often placed in service under a certain applied load at elevated temperatures (eg. wind…

1. Introduction 1 2. Effect of Parameters On Thermal Conductivity of Nanofluids : 2 2.1 Effect of particle Volume Fraction 2 2.2 Effect of Particle Material 3 2.3 Effect of Base Fluid 3 2.4 Effect of Particle Size 3 2.5 Effect of particle shape 4 2.6 Effect of temperature 5 2.7 Effect of sonication time 6 2.8 Effect of the preparation method followed 7 3. Application of Nanofluids: 8 3.1 Heat transfer Intensification 8 3.2 Electronic Applications 8 3.3 Transportation 10 3.4 Industrial cooling…