Atherosclerosis

Case Study 5 – AB As discussed in case 3, septic shock results from widespread inflammation and vasodilation in response to an infection. Norepinephrine is useful in septic shock because it increases afterload to maintain adequate tissue perfusion (De Becker et al., 2012). Dobutamine is an inotropic drug used in septic shock as it stimulates myocardial beta-adrenergic receptors thus increasing cardiac output by increasing contractility and heart rate (Dellinger et al., 2013; Enrico et al.,…

Abstract Hip fractures configure an important public health issue and most common, serious musculo-skeletal injury to affect the elderly population. Hip fractures refer to a fracture occurring betweenthe edge of the femoral head and 5 cm below the lesser trochanter and this typ of fracteres are very painful and need immediateadequate analgesia. Approximately 80 000 hip fractures occur each year in the UK with an estimated annual associated cost of £2 billion. The annual burden of hip fractures…

High Blood Pressure Gisselle Nogueira Essay 2 Final Version High blood pressure, scientifically known as hypertension is a very common disease in adults. This happens when blood flows through blood vessels at higher than normal pressures. There are different causes to this disease. Some include smoking, diet with a lot of sodium, and poor physical activity. Although it is hereditary, there are ways to prevent complications from hypertension like a heart attack, dementia, and…

Since heart disease is the leading cause of death in the U.S, every possible treatment should be done to prevent or to treat the problem. However, preventing heart disease should be prioritize rather than waiting until the last minute. I believe we can prevent most cardiovascular diseases by avoiding the risk factors that we can change in our life. I am going to develop a lifestyle intervention for an individual who has a hypertension and high cholesterol level. Lifestyle change from the…

Why would anyone want to be able to destroy your body that God gave them and destroy them with steroids. Especially, athletes who are cheating and not playing fairly in their sports because, obviously if people want to be a cheaters people should do this. In the 1990's steroids gave to 18 deaths from steroids to the world. Imagine all the deaths from steroids today. Athletes should be punished for using drugs that enhance their strength. The reason why people should be punished because, people…

Physiology of intracranial pressure (ICP) 1. Intracranial pressure dynamics: Intracranial pressure is the pressure of cerbrospinal fluid inside the skull.Normally the cranial vault is a closed box and non compliant structure containing volume of approximately 1500 ml ,comprissing 88% brain matter ,7.5% blood and 4-5 % cerebrospinal fluid . Monrroe kelle hypothesis concludes that any increase in the volume of an intracranial element must be met with an equal compensatory decrease in…

I am going to be doing Long QT Syndrome because it is something I can relate to in real life. Long QT syndrome is a disorder of your heart and affects electrical activity. The symptoms of Long QT are dizziness, unexplained fainting, feeling faint, and black outs WIth a bad enough symptom and no treatment then it can cause uncontrollable arrhythmias and maybe even death. A fun fact is that I actually have long QT Syndrome. So every year I go to the cardiologist to get a heart monitor. I also…

In patients with ESRD, deaths due to cardiac causes account for nearly 40 to 45 percent of all deaths. Hence cardiac risk stratification remains a challenge for the clinicians. Elevated levels of C reactive protein levels( CRP), indicative of inflammation are high in as much as 70% patients receiving dialysis. Levels of cardiac troponin are also high in ESRD patients, irrespective of the manifestation of the symptoms related to cardiac myopathies. To understand the relation between ESRD and…

Mitral Valve Prolapse is a very common heart condition; with one in four people having it with a lot of them not even knowing they have it. Mitral Valve Prolapse is the improper closure of the valve in the heart between the upper and lower chambers. The mitral valve in the heart consists of two flaps and when they do not close properly, it causes the prolapse. It can cause extra blood to leak into the heart. Mitral Valve Prolapse consists of two forms, classic and non-classic. Classic is when…

Heart rate variability is the normal beat-to-beat alterations of heart rate and reflects the ANS’s ability to respond to the environment (McMillan, 2002). Heart rate variability measurements were obtained from 24-hour Holter electrocardiogram recordings and derive from the analysis of consecutive R-R intervals (Gang & Malik, 2003). The predominant method for analysis of HRV is time and frequency domain analysis, and these measurements also provide information about ANS activity (Gang &…