Artificial organ

coordinating certain reflexes. The spinal cord reaches from the bottom of your brain to the top of your lower back. It is generally around 45 centimeters long (18 inches) in men and 43 centimeters (17 inches) in women. The digestive system is a group of organs working together to convert food into energy and basic nutrients to feed the entire body. It contains the mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, and the large intestine. There are 6 main…

1. The three major layers that make up healthy skin are the epidermis, dermis, and the hypodermis. The epidermis is a keratinized stratified squamous epithelium that resists abrasion and reduces water loss. It have four cell types and five layers. The dermis made of strong, flexible dense irregular connective tissue. It contains the blood vessels, nerve fibers and lymphatic vessels. The sweat glands and the hair follicles live in the dermis layer. The hypodermis is deep to the skin. It is made…

Cyanosis is a bluish discoloration of the skin, nail beds and mucous membranes. Cyanosis shows up when the levels of deoxygenated blood rise in small blood vessels of fingers and toes. It affects the integumentary system by reducing the amount of oxygen in hemoglobin and raising the amount of deoxygenated blood in the blood supply. This may be seen in cases of heart failure, shock, exposure to cold temperatures and diseases of blood circulation. There are two types of Cyanosis: Central…

making up most of a humans body weight. Skin tissue provides the human body with protection from mechanical, chemical, thermal damage, and bacteria. Along with this, the skin provides insulation while regulating heat and cushioning for tissues and organs. This body system also helps with the prevention of water loss, but also allows excretion of things such as urea, salts, and water. The skin has three layers the epidermis, dermis, and the hypodermis. The epidermis, which is made of…

The Pipe and the Tabor is the instrument I chose. The pipe and tabor is a pair of instruments played by one player and it consisted of a three-holed pipe played with one hand and a small drum that was played with the other hand. The pipe is a simple instrument with a fipple like a whistle or a recorder but usually, it only had three melody holes. The tabor is narrow to simplify overblowing. There is a ridge around the bottom of the instrument to help support the pipe. I could not find a…

Cardiac muscle is only present in the heart, and is also what the heart entirely consists of. Skeletal Muscle is seen as covering the skeleton, and controls all of the movement of the human body. Visceral muscle is located in the organs of the human body, and in blood vessels. This type of muscle is also called smooth muscle, as it has a very “smooth” appearance under a microscope. Just like how the cardiovascular system could not function without the muscular system, the same holds…

Different autopsy methods are useful in different situations. I have previously mentioned Rokitansky method which involves examining the organs in situ “a condition sometimes mandated by a restrictive autopsy consent or severe time limitations” (Finkbeiner 35). But there are other methods that involve removal of the organs including Letulle, Ghon and Virchow. Both the Letulle and Virchow start the same way: a Y incision is made and the skin is reflected from the chest and abdomen. If the…

step of the embalming process is to place the cadaver in a sterile morgue. Then, with tools that look similar to ones you would find in a surgery room, the body is drained of its blood and injected with embalming fluid. After that, the intestates and organs are removed from the body and replaced with cavity fluid. The body then sits for 8 to 10 hours after being embalmed before the embalmer can continue with their work. The embalmer then fills in any sunken areas of the body and applies makeup…

Even the slightest of burns causes profound events to occur that most of us are completely unaware of. We know that they hurt, but in minor cases, such as slight sunburns or scalds, we never stop and think about what is happening to the largest organ of the human body. To gain a better understanding of what happens to the skin in the case of a burn, we must look at the depth of the injury. The skin is the human body’s “armor” and is made up of the epidermis and the dermis. The Epidermis is…

The human brain is a product of millions of years of evolution. This organ has enabled monumental achievements since the existence of humankind and was important the development of tools and technologies necessary for the progressive advancement of civilization. Technologies such as water canals for irrigation and agriculture, automobiles and other vehicles for transportation and visiting areas of the world unreached for many millennia, and usage of ancient scriptures and eventually the…