Arthropod

Introduction More than ever before, the human population has been turning to the drug caffeine as a stimulant in our everyday lives. As the fastest growing component of the beverage industry, caffeinated substances such as energy drinks, shots, and other supplements are being consumed in noticeably greater quantities (Kumar et al. 2105). 1,3,7-trimethylxanthine is a chemical compound commonly known as caffeine. In humans, extremely high doses of caffeine can be considered a drug, but the normal…

Order Hymenoptera, the third-largest order of insects, comprises the sawflies, wasps, bees, and ants. Over 150,000 species are recognized (Janke 2), with many more remaining to be described. Many factors have led to this order’s success, through the development of wings, their immense range of behavioral adaptation, and namely: their highly complex ways of self-defense, mainly those of the biochemical and morphological nature. From the famous “cow-killer” to the range of stings of the Vespidae,…

toads? In context: Tapinoma Sessile are common pests in our everyday environment. They vary in size from 2.4 to 3.2 mm and can take shelter both outdoors and indoors. They feed on sugary snacks like honeydew, a glucose-filled fluid produced by small arthropods like aphids. They also feed on dead insects and spiders. To most people, the odorous house ants may seem like any other ant. However, if you squish one Tapinoma Sessile ant, it will give off a blue cheese/ coconut smell that works to fend…

Humans and animals use earth’s natural resources daily to survive. One big problem effecting natural resources and the environment is acid rain. Acid Rain is precipitation with high levels of acidic components. Precipitation can be in the form of rain, snow, sleet, fog, or dust. There are many different causes and effects of acid rain. Humans are trying to find a solution, and the Federal Government has enacted many laws to help prevent acid rain. Rain is naturally acidic, but pollution is…

Entomophobia is an unreasonable fear of insects. Many who have this phobia likely had a traumatic incident in childhood. If you were young and playing in the park and you find a cockroach. When your parent see you they might scream and tell you to stay away. This will stay in your mind a then any time you see a roach you will scream and run away. This is just one of many ways people get this phobia. Being stung by a bee can contribute to the phobia. If you or someone you know is allergic to…

The Future of an Illusion, Sigmund Freud wrote that As we already know, the terrifying impression of helplessness in childhood aroused the need for protection—for protection through love—which was provided by the father; and the recognition that this helplessness lasts throughout life made it necessary to cling to the existence of a father, but this time a more powerful one –The God. We project the existence of God based on a human need for him. We are living in the biotech century and genetic…

smoke. They can go on air streams over impressive separations, (Tortora, et al., 2016). Vector-borne is another mode of transmission where bacterial infections caused by insect bites. Vector-borne are transmitted to human, animal, or plant has by arthropods, generally insects. A more extensive meaning of vector-borne illness perceives that different insects can serve in the part of irresistible infection vector by harbouring pathogens that are caused within vulnerable populaces (Tortora, Funke,…

The random amplified polymorphic DNA-polymerase chain reaction (RAPD-PCR) method was used to examine the genetic variability of Aiolopus thalassinus (Fabr.) populations at heavy metal polluted and unpolluted locations of different geographical distances. Four primers yielded a total of 69 scorable bands, which are all polymorphic. Cluster and Principal component analysis separated the inside and outside Cairo populations into two main branches that were further separated into smaller ones,…

units in a linear form. Chitin is insoluble in water and mainly exists in two crystalline (α- and β-) forms. The α-chitin consists of sheets of tightly packed alternating parallel and antiparallel chains (1) and is abundant in the exoskeleton of arthropods, insects, fungi, and yeast cell walls. The chains are arranged in parallel orientation in β-chitin (2), which occurs less frequently in nature and is often extracted from squid pens. The insolubility of chitin is a major limitation in…

eight species are significantly correlated with temperature and seven species arriving earlier during warmer years. (Elizabeth R.E et.al) Scientists at Fargo, ND have studied 83 species of birds for their arrival time over ten years. The study concluded that the majority of arriving earlier than they did historically. The uniqueness of this study is that they measured FAD (First arrival dates) and AGDU (Accumulated growing degree units). The accumulated growing degree units for a time of arrival…