Artery

Ischemia is a state of tissue oxygen deprivation accompanied by a reduced washout of the resulting metabolites (1). Reperfusion is the restoration of blood flow to the ischemic tissue. Despite the unequivocal benefit of reperfusion of blood to an ischemic tissue, reperfusion itself can elicit a cascade of harmful reactions that injure tissue(2). Studies have shown that renal ischemia - reperfusion injury in addition to kidney tissue, will also be affected distant organs such as the brain (3),…

Case Study #3 1. Based on my understanding of the cardiovascular system, a blood clot is a gel that consists of the formed elements of blood trapped in a network of insoluble protein fibers (Tortora,2014, p.335). How clotting is formed when a series of chemical reactions that culminates in the formation of fibrin threads (Tortora,2014, p.335). When blood is easily clots it’s called thrombosis, a thrombosis is a formation of a clot in an unbroken blood vessel, usually in a vein (Tortora,2014,…

Syncope is sufficient blood flow to the brain which causes loss of consciousness which also causes fainting. It often happens in patients with hypotension which comes from the heart not pumping enough oxygen. Some of the causes of syncope is dehydration, heavy sweating, pooling of blood in the legs, exhaustion, disorder occur with exercise and with palpations or irregularities of the heart also with family history of recurrent syncope or sudden death. Risk factors are usually being…

Sometimes when we ingest certain substances, we can stimulate foci (nodes that pace the heart at a certain speed) in the heart which can give us the feeling of “skipping a beat.” The feeling of “skipping a beat” is actually another beat that follows the original beat quickly which gives us that feeling. A lot of factors can stimulate other foci such as atrial and junctional in our heart. These factors, according to Dr. Dubin, includes adrenaline (epinephrine) released by adrenal glands,…

Joanne’s body responds to hypovolemic shock by triggering the cardiovascular, renal, hematologic and neuroendocrine system for support. The Hematologic system responds to major blood loss by activating coagulation cascades and constricting the vessels that are currently bleeding by release of thromboxane A2 and platelets. What this does is form a colt on the bleeding site. Collagen is exposed by damaged vessels which cause fibrin production and stabilize the clots that have been formed. Usually…

High Blood Pressure Isn’t Picky Its Don’t Care About You Age It’s Not An Age Thing Is Just One Of Those Things That Hit You Out Of The Blue Really. Living with high blood pressure can be a scary experience because keeping your numbers in check is good for your health. For many people, controlling high blood pressure is taking pills every day to keep their blood pressure under control. There are several steps you can take to regulate your blood pressure without medication. Of course, you’ll…

carried by the dhamani (arteries) and impure-deoxygenated blood by the sira (veins). Some common cardiac ailments and there Ayurvedic management is discussed below High blood pressure (Hypertension) Cause: Age factor is the leading cause of hypertension. With passage of time the elasticity of the blood vessels particularly arteries decrease and there is congestion of blood. Arteries undergo hardening (sclerosis) and the process is known as arteriosclerosis.…

receives oxygenated blood from the lungs and pumps it to the cells and tissues to the body. The blood then returns to the right side of the body this is called systemic circuit. From the heart blood flows through large muscular arteries, then into smaller and smaller arteries, then arterioles and finally to the capillaries. It’s in the capillaries where the diffusion process takes place to exchange molecules of oxygen and nutrients for carbon dioxide of nearby cells, after leaving the…

Introduction: The heart rate of an animal can be used as an indicator to identify when a stimulus evokes a reaction from the animal. Specifically in the case of humans’, there tends to be the cognitive ability to physically withhold a reaction from a stimulus and mask the involuntary reaction. However, the heart rate reacts immediately after a stimulus, and is not reigned in or controlled cognitively, so could the heart potentially be a true indicator of an individuals reaction to a stimulus?…

Abstract The purpose of this exercise laboratory experiment was to, analyse and observe the role that exercise plays in affecting the blood pressure and heart rate of a patient, with and without the consumption of caffeine. In this experiment, a cycle ergometer (Monark 824E, Monark Exercise, Sweden) was used in an incremental style type exercise that measured the fourteen healthy participants blood pressure and heart rate at various interval stages. The blood pressure and heart rate were…