Aromatic hydrocarbon

difference(s) between alkanes and alkenes. Introduction: Hydrocarbons are composed exclusively of oxygen and hydrogen. There are three types of homogeneous hydrocarbons (whose members differ by one CH2 unit): alkanes, alkenes and alkynes. The difference between these three groups is in the bond types between the carbons. Alkanes form only single bonds, alkenes form double bonds, and in alkynes there is at least one triple bond. Alkanes are hydrocarbons which is only contain single covalent…

"The cars we drive say a lot about us." Alexandra Paul once proclaimed. In a world of transportation, there comes a time when one needs to decide whether or not they would like to buy a vehicle. There are plenty of vehicles to choose from, but not that many types of engines. To the average person, there seems to be a lot of differences between them, but they are quite similar. There are two main types of engines, diesel fuel and gasoline engines. Diesel fuel and gasoline are both refined…

Alberta is a world-leading energy supplier and exporter of heavy oil for the production of fuel. Gasoline is derived from the distillation of heavy oil and while this resource presents as advantageous for the human population, the displacement of used petroleum into the natural environment has been revealed to be the largest contributor to the pollution in and the destruction of aquatic ecosystems (Ramadass et al. 2014). In this case, gasoline is considered a contaminant or an unwanted substance…

whereas at the same temperature the density of hydrotreated GO obtained from CAT-E was 0.8302 g/ml despite sulphur and nitrogen in the GO has been reduced to less than 50 ppm and 1 ppm respectively. The reason for higher density would be due to higher aromatic content in the hydrotreated product obtained from CAT-E. This indicates that the nature of support of the hydrotreating catalyst affects the product formation. The catalytic activity therefore not only depends on the active metal…

Smoking Smoking is a practice that results in the smoke being absorbed by the body into the bloodstream that eventually reaches the human tissue. Smoking is very harmful, and almost affects every organ of the body. Smoking is responsible for lung cancer, among other types of cancers and health problems. Smoking was originally created in the early 5000BC. The main type and material for smoking is the cigarette, which contains tobacco. After that people developed another types of equipment and…

1. Given the following amino acids, explain where they would be found in the tertiary structure of a protein and WHY (lack of explanation/incorrect explanations will NOT receive full credit; assume living system of pH = 7.4). Arg Phe Pro Glu His Ala Tyr Val Cys Arginine: This is a charged amino acid that is extremely hydrophilic. It is hydrophilic because while it has an aliphatic side chain that is hydrophobic, it also has two groups where a positive charge resonates between the two…

and the Ward's minimum-variance method was used for runs and hydrocarbons clustering. A probability level of p=0.05 was considered as significant difference. The data obtained from the RSM on the hydrocarbon removal were subjected to the analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the results were fitted to the following second-order polynomial equation (Vieira et al., 2009; Gomez and Sartaj, 2014): where Y is the predicted response (hydrocarbons removal), XiXj are the independent variables, β0 is…

One of the challenges chemical engineers face with ethane cracking in a tubular reactor is the formation of a detrimental coke layer on the inner tube wall. According to the article [1], the mechanism is mainly induced by degradation of hydrocarbons to an aromatic structure by condensation and dehydrogenation. This brings about a bunch of various effects described in the article. In my model built during the term project, I decided to introduce a new effect of reducing the diameter, consider…

The purpose of this experiment was to ascertain an unidentified substance. The substance in question was a colorless liquid with an odor resembling acetone. To start with the Tollens’ test was conducted on the unidentified substance to differentiate between an aldehyde and a ketone. The results of the test were negative. This indicated that the substance under consideration was a ketone The next step consisted of determining the melting point of the substance, which was in the range…

Ocean Pollution Over half of sea turtles have ingested an outrageous amount of plastic and lots of them have even died from the marine pollution that's getting put into the ocean. A lot of animals are getting killed/injured by ocean pollution and its not just litter that's harming them. Many chemicals can also be released from runoff or even marine mammal carcasses. One of the animals that is getting harmed by the litter is sea turtles. A large amount of sea turtles are getting killed by eating…