Archaeological section

Introduction Adolf Loos and Le Corbusier were two of the world's leading pioneers in architecture and the most influential European theorists and critics of Modern architecture. Loos' most known writing was "Ornament and Crime," which encouraged the removal of decoration and the use of smooth and clear surfaces, in contrast to the lavish decorations that appeared at that time. His white stripped-down buildings influenced minimal massing in modern architecture and expressed lack of ornamentation…

The environmental justice movement originated in national pulsation from all over the world, but the phenomenon of environmental injustice occurred in all countries and even the global society. The issues raised by the environmental justice movement are unpredictable significance. In the 1990s, the resulting environmental justice movement not only in the Western countries, but also in the Eastern counties (especially the less developed countries and regions) have received a wide range of…

Mortuary Rituals of the Gray Site The mortuary practices examined at this site involve both primary and secondary burials, as well as a variety of post-mortem methods used in the pre-burial stages. One case of a potential cremation has been documented in the site reports. A primary burial is one where the remains are found in relative anatomical order, as the body of the deceased was interred shortly after death as the remains were still fresh. A secondary burial is therefore the opposite – the…

In several sections of the book, the author would speak about something and then in the same sentence say that archeological evidence could not support her statement. One example of this is when she is referencing the treatment of newborns and she says “Lullabies may have been sung for her while she was still in the womb, though if so they have left no trace in the archaeological record,” which implies she is making an assumption without having…

Introduction American Indians have fought for over a century to end the practice of removing human remains and cultural items from American Indian graves, lands, and communities. These objects have been treated as collectibles to be stored, studied, and displayed in museums and repositories in the name of scientific study, education and cultural preservation. Such practices flourished because despite the existence of federal laws that protected gravesites and property, the laws did not extent…

Denise D. Meringolo, the author of “Museums, Monuments, and National Parks: Towards a New Genealogy of Public History” purpose of her book is to expand on the field of public history and to educate the historical background of public history. Meringolo’s purpose is to add a layer of importance to the National Park Service, the importance of higher education, and the maintenance of Mesa Verde. She focuses on the nineteenth century when the government decided to take the steps to collect and…

periods in all of China. This was the period in time were China started to become a more civilized and technologically advanced culture and people as a whole. This period in Chinese history came to be known as the Bronze Age of China due to the archaeological find that the people of the Shang and Zhou Dynasty began to learn how to work bronze and create art and fashion tools and other useful items from it such as weapons and tea kettles or sculptures. The Shang Dynasty is considered to be the…

Ultimately when thinking in a similar way to the Inca, can lead towards the start on describing the heartland of the Inca Empire. Therefore, with Virachoca attempting to conquer more land and build the empire. As well as with the help from Pachacuti Inca Yupanqui, who attempted to have sovereignty over the Cuzco Valley, he defeated the Chancas. Consequently led to the expansion of the Inca Empire, which begins with the discussion on Cuzco. Cuzco is a small city located in a high mountain, which…

Buddhist Temples of Nara, say Todaiji or Toshodaiji, used a diversity of decorative artifacts on their exterior. They may include sculptures of deities, casts of birds, colorful tiles, delicate bells, or mini-pagoda metalwork. Comparably, from the archaeological…

Narrative Title of instructional program: Archaeology Field School Subject matter: Archaeology Brief Program Outline The first portion of the program the instructor will explain archaeology, directions, definitions and tools to the participants. Gridding will be briefly discussed as the site will already be gridded beforehand. A brief description of site area will be given to the students along with ideas of what might have lived here (Native American, colonists). Lastly, the instructor will…