Apse

Paper 2: Ottoman vs. Byzantine: Religious Building Architecture A general trend of the artworks in this course, throughout almost every society we have studied thus far, is the reference to religious practices and beliefs of a specific culture. This trend has not changed at all and can been seen directly in the significance of Byzantine and Ottoman architecture for places of religious practice. Though the specific religion that is referenced in these two cultures are different, some ways of…

The Lascaux cave was found in 1920 on September 20th during the Nazi Occupation. The Lascaux cave was found by 4 teenage boys, Marcel Ravidat, Jacques Marsal, Georges Agnel, and Simon Coencas while chasing after their dog, Robot. Archeologists estimated that the cave is about 20,000 years old. The Lascaux Cave is located in Montignac, France which also houses the Montiagnic Cave. The cave was accessible for everyone to enter after World War II. About 1200 people would enter everyday to see…

Romanesque church is supported by flat expanses of wall, arched over thick, heavy columns, and perforated with small stained glass windows. Although stained glass is used, it is in small amounts and the light that enters generally draws the eye towards the apse of the church, highlighting the altar. For example, the Cathedral St. James has an lantern tower above the crossing, shedding light onto the altar and the relic of Saint James. Pointed arches, ribbed groin vaults, and external buttresses…

The Theotokos mosaic, Greek for “one who gives birth to Christ”, is placed on the apse of a semi dome, overlooking the nave of church. The Theotokos, also known as The Great Virgin and Child, was established by Patriarch Photios and emperors Michael III and Basil I in March of 867 CE (Hagia Sophia). The mosaic depicts the Virgin Mary…

repeated in various media throughout the Middle Ages. To demonstrate, I will compare the animal imagery depicted in Salonika: Hosios David: Apse Mosaic: Christ with symbols of the Evangelists Luke and Mark, c.5th A.D. (Fig.1) and Gospel Book Cod. 348 fol. 8v Hand of God & Evangelist Symbols, c.820 A.D. (Fig.2). To begin, Fig.1 is Byzantine mosaic located in the apse in the Church of Hosios David, Thessaloniki, Greece 5th Cent. A.D. Meant to be viewed by multiple viewers at once, the mosaic’s…

These artworks from the Roman Republic and Empire, 509 BCE- 313 BCE, titled Pont du Gard in France by an Unknown artist, Coliseum in Rome by an Unknown artist, Pantheon, Rome by unknown artist also and the Basilica of Maxentius Constantine by an unknown artist as well. This architectural works led to the creation of some new architectural works and ideas such as: arch, Vault Concrete dome and Basilica plan just to mention few. Am aqueduct is an ancient invention of the Greeks that was used…

One of the most important monuments of the middle Byzantine art and architecture that survived to our day is Hosios Lukas Monastery. It has been listed on UNESCO’s World heritage sites. It is set on the slopes of mount Helicon in Greece. The monastery consists of two churches merged together. The first church was built in the late 10th century to house the relics of Hosios Loukas. It was named the ‘Theotokos Church’. This church has a quincunx design which is also known as the cross-in-square or…

the Justinian and Theodora mosaics at San Vitale. This paper will describe not only the resemblances, but also the differences in the two mosaics from in the same time period. Emperor Justinian and Attendants. Mosaic on north wall of the apse Tesserae c. 547. 8 ' 8" by 12 ' Church of San Vitale. In this large piece, it is easy to discern…

Throughout modern history, McKim, Mead, and White’s Boston Public Library has existed as a recognizable architectural landmark and therefore, as an integral part of the Boston cityscape. However, the library is just one of many buildings from the era in the area and is by no means the most significant to the nation’s history, forcing the question of why the building is so very iconic. The justification can be found when the structure is dissected into a handful of key spaces. Through its innate…

was designed by Michelangelo, and the nave plan was changed again by Sixtus V. The building was finished in 1614, and was consecrated by Urban VII on November 18, 1626. (Oxford University Press, 2009) St. Peter’s total length from the entrance to the apse is 403.5 feet, the nave itself is 298 feet long. The wide of the nave and aisles together is 208 feet, and there five parallel spaces of the nave and aisles that have 22 columns each. The total amount of columns is 100, which is one of the…