Apoptosis

2. MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES: 2.1. What are Monoclonal Antibodies? 2.1.1. “Clones” A clone is a group (family) of cells which come from a single parent cell that divides various times and are identical in all ways. In their structure, metabolic characteristics, functions, etc. 2.1.2. “Antibodies” An antibody is a protein which is produced by the human body’s immune system when it detects a substance that may be harmful (antigens like: bacteria, viruses, chemicals, parasites, etc). Antibodies…

Where\\ \textit{A} denotes attenuation of the incident light,\\ \textit{$\alpha $} denotes the wavelength of the incident light,\\ \textit{C} denotes the concentration of the absorber,\\ \textit{d} denotes the geometrical pathlength,\\ \textit{B} denotes the pathlength correction factor and\\ \textit{G} is the additive term for scattering losses \begin{minipage}{\columnwidth} \centering \includegraphics [width=0.75\textwidth] {figures/mbl.png} \captionof{figure}{The modified Beer-Lambert law…

Intro: A. Alkaloids are the most diverse group of natural products that exist within living organisms (Hartmann, 1998). Alkaloids are a diverse group of low molecular weight; nitrogen-containing compounds mainly derived from amino acids, and are found in about 20% of plant species. Alkaloids play a very important role in organism metabolism and functional activity. They are metabolic products in plants, animals and microorganisms (Aniszewski, 2007). Due to their potent biological activity, many…

Abstract Angiogenesis is an essential process for organ growth and repair. Thus, an imbalance in this process can lead to several diseases including malignancy. Angiogenesis is a critical step in vascular remodeling, tissue damage and wound healing besides being required for invasive tumor growth and metastasis. Because angiogenesis sets an important point in the control of tumor progression, its inhibition is considered a valuable therapeutic approach for tumor treatment. Chronic liver disease…

INTROCUCTION After its discovery by Dr. Peter Barth in 1983, Barth Syndrome was originally thought to affect less than 200 males worldwide. Barth conducted his initial study on his patients after noticing a disturbing pattern of early infant death within a single family, none of which survived past 42 months. These individuals suffered from symptoms that included, but were not limited to, dilated cardiomyopathy, neutropenia, and skeletal myopathy. Many patients experienced moderate to severe…

The rare disease known as Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome (HGPS) is a genetic disorder that causes newborn children to age more rapidly than normal. HGPS belongs to a group of progeroid syndromes that can classified as segmental disorder that affect many tissues and organs and display symptoms that resemble physiological aging. This disorder unfortunately results in a short life span for those affected. It is reported that it occurs about 1 in 8 million births around the globe. (Arancio,…

General Introduction Dietary lipids: Dietary lipids consist of a broad group of compounds that are soluble in organic solvents and insoluble in water. Their density is lower than water and consistency varies from liquids to solids at normal room temperature, depending on their structure and function. They are also referred as ‘Oils’ which are liquid and ‘fats’ which are solid at room temperature. Lipids are the important constituents of diet due to their higher energy value. One gram of lipid…

Chronological lifespan of S. cerevisiae mutants lacking telomere capping protein Cdc13 and Exo1 Lay summary For over 25 years, yeast has been used as a model to understand cellular processes such as how; DNA is repaired and produced, also for understanding different aspects of the cell lifecycle and principle molecular processes in eukaryotes (the same type of cells that make up humans, animals and plants). Because yeast can be easily grown until it dies in a relatively short time, it is an…

Kristin Fitzpatrick BI 456 Immunology Disease Term Paper 11/21/14 Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Epidemiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment Options I. INTRODUCTION Lupus, Latin for “wolf,” originally referred to the erosive facial lesions that resembled a wound from a wolf’s bite. In the Middle Ages lupus was mainly described as a dermatologic condition. It was not until 1872 that lupus was considered a systemic disease that presented with subcutaneous nodules, arthritis, lymphadenopathy, fever,…

Introduction: According to Drugs.com, “Ibuprofen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). It works by reducing hormones that cause inflammation and pain in the body.” This includes conditions such as headaches, painful menstrual periods, toothaches, back pain, dental pain, migraines, arthritis and any minor injuries. Ibuprofen is also used to treat and reduce fever as well and is typically administered to individuals, both adults and children ages 6 months and older. Ibuprofen has been…