Apoptosis

INTRODUCTION Two significantly important highly pathogenic infection diseases namely Legionellosis and Influenza remains even today a threat to global health. They can cause severe community-acquired pneumonia with respiratory failure but they can also generate hospital-acquired infections.1 Moreover Legionella infection could attribute to influenza infection. The cause of influenza was definitively resolved back in 1930s with the isolation of swine influenza; a virus which when administered…

Aim 3. Validation of transcriptional drivers and therapeutic combinations in CRPC. Rationale and strategy: To experimentally validate computationally predicted drivers of CRPC, we will use loss- and gain-of-function approaches for in vitro (i.e., cell lines) and in vivo (i.e., xenograft models) experimental validation to determine whether these genes are essential for drug-resistance. Computationally inferred drug combinations will be validated for their effect on MRs’ activity and ability to…

On June 23, 1858 a well established Medical Practitioner named Antoine Prosper Marfan and his wife Adelaïde Thuries bought a new life into the world. Antoine Prosper and Adelaide’s son was named Antoine Bernard-Jean Marfan. Bernard’s father, Antoine Prosper had refused to accept his son’s choice in pursuing a career in the medical field. Prosper later gave up on arguing with his son and Bernard went off to study at a medical school in Toulouse, France. Two years went by and Bernard decided to go…

Introduction The immune system is a collection of cells, tissues and molecules that protect our body from toxins and microbes in the environment. It serves as our defense against molecules that our body does not recognize as its own. This system contains two divisions: the innate immune system and adaptive immune system. Both systems differ in the types of cells produced and the time and length in mounting a response. Inflammatory bowel disease is a chronic inflammatory disease including…

Abstract Alzheimer’s disease and cancer are known to be very serious disorders that can cause death especially in the elderly. The prevalence of cancer is dramatically increased with age, correspondingly, Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is an age-dependent neurodegenerative disorder. Cancer is defined as a disease in which a collection of abnormal cells divides uncontrollably by ignoring the normal principles of cell division. There is known to be more than 200 types of cancers and its two main…

The normality of a spinal cord is to have functional spinal nerves, strong protective connective tissue and vertebras. Certain diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS) to Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) will have an impact with the spinal structure and its functions. Part of the central nervous system (CNS), the spinal cord help assist the brain to carry out every day routines. The spinal cord is significant structure in the body that is 45 centimeters in length. The spinal cord is part of a…

Background Ovarian cancer (OC) is the seventh most common cancer for women worldwide in 2012(1). In Canada, 17,000 women are living with ovarian cancer, and it is ranked the fifth most common cancer for Canadian Canadian women in 2013(2). According to the recently released surveillance report, 2,700 new cases will be diagnosed in 2014 in Canada?(3). Moreover, it is the most fatal women’s cancer, with the average of 45% 5-year survival rate comparing to 89% of the survival rate for women with…

The Connection Between Overeating and Cancer Food and nutrients are a necessity to live and thrive. However, consuming too much for this necessity can initiate a deadly chain reaction. Obesity is a disease stemming from various influences, such as the variety of food consumed and socioeconomic influences, but an important influence of this epidemic is overeating.9-12 Additionally, obesity is an epidemic impacting nearly 2 in 3 people within the United State population.1,2 Obesity as a disease…

exome sequencing to diagnose and treat a severe case of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in a young boy (Perkel, 2013, p. 263-264). Through exome sequencing, the researchers were able to discover a "single point mutation in the X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP) gene" (Perkel, 2013, p. 264). After the discover of the mutated gene, the young boy was then treated with a cord blood transplant. This is not the only instance where exome sequencing was used to aid in diagnosis. There have been…

metastasis (Ahmed, et al., 2013; Zhu, et al., 2016). Tumors are characterized by six essential alterations in cell physiology. These are self-sufficiency in growth signals, continued angiogenesis, insensitivity to growth inhibition signals, dodging of apoptosis, boundless replicative potential, and tissue invasion and metastasis (Zhou, et al., 2016; Zhu, et al., 2016). These are common in most tumors and the latter two are the most lethal trademarks of malignant tumors (Zhong, et al., 2016).…