Apoptosis

Neurodevelopmental disorders are ailments which affect brain and neurological system. It include conditions such as epilepsy, intellectual disability/developmental delay, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism spectrum disorders, schizophrenia, conduct disorders, dyslexia, cerebral palsy, and visual and hearing impairments (DSM-5, Development. American Psychiatric Association; 2013). The estimated prevalence for intellectual disability/developmental delay is 10.37/1000…

The people in U.S have high risk of Breast cancer due the high carbohydrate and high glutamine diet consumption in spite of various awareness campaigns and scientific research. INTRODUCTION The breast comprises of glands called lobules that produce milk and thin tubes called ducts that carry the milk from the lobules to the nipple. Breast tissue also contains fat and connective tissue, lymph nodes, and blood vessels. Breast cancer usually starts off in the inner lining of milk ducts or the…

Cancer cells can break away from the primary tumor site and travel through blood and lymphatic vessels. This is how cancer cells spread, or metastasize, to another part of the body, such as the brain. These tumors can develop when a patient’s primary cancer, while still undetectable at its original site, sends out metastatic cells that travel to the brain and establish themselves there. Most cancer patients are actually at risk of having their tumor spread to multiple sites.…

In the outpatient setting older adults are often informed they have Aortic Valve Stenosis (AVS) but they are unaware that they have problem. They do not feel short of breath except maybe with significant exertion however their Echocardiogram indicts there is AVS. AVS is the third most common cardiovascular disease and frequently effects older individuals (Akerstrom, Barderas & Rodriquez-Padial, 2013). AVS is a progressive disease which does not show significant problems until greater than 50%…

Even though I was not a big fan of the first part of the book, it got better as we read continued to the end of the book. In part 5, N. Lane talks about the enforced suicide of cells called apoptosis. He stresses on the importance of it, because if it fails it can in many cases lead to cancer. Many more new cells are produced than actually survive, because the over-production is needed for development and repair. The faulty cells or the cells that are no longer needed are programed to commit…

Pigmented moles on the skin overtime begin to change size,shape, and color. It may become itchy or start to bleed in some areas. Genetics such as race, age, and location may or may not contribute to whether a person will develop skin cancer.When apoptosis fails a rapid…

Cancer development Cancer is a global epidemic. It affects the elder and the younger, the ugly and the beautiful, and the poor and the rich. According to the World Health Organization, there are 8.2 million cancer-related deaths in 2012. Cancer accounts for more deaths worldwide than other infectious diseases, including HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis and malaria. It is also estimated that 21.4 million new cancer cases will be diagnosed in 2030. Cancer comes to be a global issue and an increasing public…

Ca2+ locally in growth cones and synaptic compartments, RyRs regulate functional and structural changes in nerve cell circuits in both the developing and adult nervous systems (5), and alterations in Ca2+ homeostasis by RyRs contribute to neuronal apoptosis and excitotoxicity, which are being linked to the pathogenesis of several different neurodegenerative disorders (2,6,7). Lead ion (Pb2+) is a neurotoxin that continues to be considered a major global environmental health hazard. However, the…

What is cancer? Cancer is the normal cells in your body that become abnormal by not being able to perform the final processes of the cell cycle, apoptosis, and die. When cancer cells cannot perform this process of dying they continue to rapidly grow and multiply. Eventually they become a large growth of cells also known as a tumor. When a tumor is not harmful it is called a “benign” tumor. When a tumor is harmful and cancerous it is considered “malignant”. From there the cancer is at stage 1…

phosphoribosyl transferase (HGPRT) enzyme, whose metabolite, 6-thioguanosine 5-monophosphatase (TGMP), after a series of reductions becomes dGS (deoxy-6-thioguanosine 5-triphosphatase), the final metabolite that, incorporated into DNA, will lead to apoptosis of the inflammatory cell26. There is, however, another metabolic pathway of thiopurines involving 6-mercaptopurine and thioguanine (TG), which undergo the thiopurine methyl transferase (TPMT) enzymatic…