Aortic valve stenosis

From the days of plain old balloon angioplasty by Andreas Gruntzig in 1977 the field of Interventional Cardiology has evolved to current era of transcatheter aortic valve implantation, revascularization of coronary chronic total occlusions and bioabsorbable vascular scaffolds. Despite the advances, one thing that hasn’t changed is number one cause of death, i.e. Cardiovascular disease. It still remains a challenge that has driven me to continue to learn pathophysiology and management of…

infection. Signs and symptoms of myocarditis include chest pain, heart failure and abnormal heart rhythms.”(Mayo Clinic, 2012). Another cause of systolic dysfunction is valvular stenosis. Valvular stenosis is defined as a thickening or blockage to one or possibly more heart valve. In example, if a patient has aortic valve stenosis, their left ventricle would have great difficulty pumping blood efficiently. One other cause of systolic dysfunction is coronary heart disease or CHD. This cause…

Medical tools and operations have been advancing ever since the first human cut his or herself on a rock, whether the advancements have been significant or not. Through all of this time, scientists and doctors have been searching for answers to try and improve the health of the world’s population daily. What many people do not realize is although the cure for cancer has not yet been found, treatments for many other diseases have been and medical technology has come a long way. Every decade,…

its muscles & valves. • Congenital Heart Disease- Any abnormality with the heart at the time of birth.  Patent ductus arteriosus- ductus arteriosus fails to close after birth  Tetralogy of fallot- multiple defects causing deoxygenated blood to be carried throughout the body  Complete transposition of great vessels- abnormal arrangement of the great vessels  Atrial septal defect- hole in the wall between the atria  Tricuspid atresia- lack of formation of the tricuspid valve …

problems, such as cancer, that would make him or her ineligible for a donor heart, can have an improved quality of life with a destination therapy LVAD (Trivedi et al., 2014). . A ventricular assist device cannot be placed if there is aortic insufficiency, mitral stenosis, impaired filling of the left ventricle, or intra-cardiac shunting (Wilson, Mudge, Stewart, & Givertz 2010). However, it is possible to correct these conditions during implantation surgery. A patient may be too small to…

Complications Cardiac catheterization is categorized as an invasive procedure that involves the heart, its valves, and coronary arteries, in addition to femoral artery which is a large artery. Cardiac catheterization complications can be classified in to cardiac and vascular complications.…

Heart and Lung Sounds Assessments The knowledge of the normal heart sound, S1 then S2, will aid in the identification of the abnormal heart sounds as the changes of loudness of S1 or the “lub” in “lub-dup” may signify heart pathology. “The second heart sound has been called the key to heart disease” (Shindler, 2007). It is widely transmitted, usually audible, sharper and shorter than S1, and easily heard. Ventricular gallop or S3 is normal in children but not in older populations as it may be…

Acute heart failure may occur in instances such as MI whilst compensated heart failure customarily develops steadily, for example, in patients with degenerative valve diseases. Heart failure can also be categorised depending on the side of the heart affected. Reduced cardiac output from the left atrium and ventricle are termed Left-sided heart failure whereas right sided heart failure involves the right atrium…

Preoperative evaluation Cardiac surgery, including coronary artery bypass grafting and surgery for valvular disease, represents one of the most common classes of surgical procedures performed worldwide. Advances in the percutaneous management of coronary artery disease as well as in cardiac surgical techniques have led to improved outcomes with consequent longer life expectancy for patients. Greater numbers of patients with depressed left ventricular function, multiple comorbidities, failed…

capability to detect peripheral PE. Thus, the SOMATOM Definition Flash clarifies which dot on the image actually is a true clot that should be treated with anticoagulation. Routine sub-mSv heart. Even in patients up to 90 kg. For ruling out coronary stenosis in asymptomatic individuals, who are at low to intermediate risk of coronary heart disease, doctors are looking for dose sensitive examinations. With excellent image quality at a consistent dose below 1.0 mSv, the SOMATOM Definition Flash…