Antigen

spermatozoa found in the adluminal compartment are kept behind the barrier and away from the blood circulation of the lymphatic system. If the spermatozoa were capable of escaping the compartment the body would produce antibodies work against the antigens present…

A horse on the farm has just been born, and before anything else happens, it is essential to understand what will be required medically to give that animal a long, happy life. Vaccines are one of these essential ingredients, and Triple-ET Innovator is a vaccine that most certainly will be on the grocery list. But what are vaccines and how do they work? Once that is understood this specific vaccine can be explored further. Amazingly, Triple-ET Innovator prevents four different diseases. All of…

Analysis of Sarcoidosis exploration to include a timely diagnosis and treatment of people with this disease are imperative to the future wellbeing and recovery of each person that may be affected. The decision to treat a medical condition depends on several factors including the natural course of the disease, the reaction to treatment, and the potential danger of therapy. The analysis of Sarcoidosis has remained troublesome and results in the postponed treatment of the patient because of the…

Autoimmunity refers to the presence of antibodies and T cells that reacts with self--antigens but this self-reactivity does not necessarily mean a pathogenic outcome. Autoimmune disease features injury caused by the immunologic reaction of the body with its own tissues. (Braunchwald et. al., 2003). Environmental factors and susceptibility…

1. A 39 year old US postal worker notices an area of redness and swelling on his left lateral forearm. Six days later he notices that the rash, which is painless, now appears black and swollen. He becomes concerned and goes to the emergency department, where he is subsequently diagnosed with cutaneous anthrax. Which of the following mechanisms is most likely associated with the swelling that surrounds the black rash? A. SNARE protein cleavage B. Overactivation of adenylate cyclase by disabling…

Identification of CD40 and its role in the immune system The CD154, also known as CD40 ligand pathway is widely known for its significant role in immune regulation and homeostasis. It is identified by an antibody which is expressed on many cells in the immune system, for example, on dentritic cells, on B cells, on basophils, eosinophils, and monocytes. It is also can be found on epithelial cells, on smooth muscle cells, on keralino cytes, and on fibroblasts. The main function of CD40 is that it…

balancing selection has occurred on the blood group gene resulting in the maintenance of multiple alleles in the world’s human population is supported by studies on their effects on individuals in different populations. There is evidence that blood group antigens affect susceptibility to infectious diseases, as some blood types are much more frequent in areas rich in certain pathogens than others, which would explain why no one blood type allele has reached fixation (Fumagalli et al. 2009).…

lesion in chronic schistosomiasis represents a complex delayed-type hypersensitivity response to sequestered living, dying or dead ova, that are trapped in tissues during the peri-intestinal migration or after embolization in the liver. Soluble egg antigen (SEA) and proteolytic enzymes released by ova provoke granulomatous cell-mediated immune response, with recruitment of eosinophils, granuloma formation and liver fibrosis (Cheever et al., 2000; Wynn et al., 2004). In schistosomiasis, Th2-type…

Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer among men, behind skin cancer. Although that is a startling fact, prostate cancer can often be successfully treated. To better understand how prostate cancer affects the male body, it is a good idea to know the body parts around it and how they work. The prostate is a gland that is only found in males, sitting below the bladder and in front of the rectum. The prostate gland makes some of the fluid that protects and nourishes the sperm cells in…

I began my undergraduate research career at the end of my freshman year, under Dr. Chase at Northwest Nazarene University. Inspired by the work done on the Human Microbiome Project, this endeavor sought to predict bacterial behavior using its DNA sequence. As this project was in its infancy, most of my research was focused into generating a workflow that could be used for this process, and scouring through literature for examples of laboratories that had done the same. This bioinformatics…