Anticholinergic

Schizophrenia is a complex psychological disorder with a multifaceted aetiology that has been elusive in its definition. These two papers each seek to provide and explanation of schizophrenia, using distinct approaches. Perhaps the most prevalent challenge with Schizophrenia is the heterogeneity of its symptoms, both positive, such as delusions and hallucinations, as well as, negative symptoms, such as poverty of thought and speech, affective flattening, anhedonia, and cognitive symptoms, such…

Sertraline. Serotonin is a neurotransmitter responsible for controlling fundamental physiological aspects of the body. In the central nervous system (CNS), serotonin has a key role in regulating sleep, appetite, sexual desire and mood, also some cognitive function, including memory, learning and depression. Individuals who suffer from major depressive disorder are associated with decreased availability of serotonin or inefficient levels of serotonin. In addition, suicidal patients have…

secretion, therefore it is used as first treatment option in the gastrointestinal reflux disease( May and Rao,2014) 4. It would be reasonable to suspect that constipation in this patient’s case is induced by the aosteoarthritis therapy and anticholinergic effect of loratadine used for the treatment of seasonal allergic rhinitis. Moreover, constipation is also association with diabetes mellitus type II with neuropathy and the signs of dehydration (Fabel and Shealy,2014).Docusate is a stool…

nervous system and decrease symptoms of psychosis, specifically auditory hallucinations and delusions. Some major nursing concerns are an increase in suicidal thoughts, aggressive behavior, dizziness, extra pyramidal side effects as well as anticholinergic effects such as dry mouth, dry nasal passageways, dehydration and insomnia. Monitor CBC frequently during initial months from those with pre-existing low white blood cell count (Deglin et al., 2013, pg. 1112). The patient is also on…

Pneumonia is an inflammatory infection of the lungs that primarily affects the microscopic air sacs known as alveoli. Pneumonia is a major health concern in the United States and a key cause of mortality and morbidity. Pneumonia can be acquired in the community, in the hospital environment, by aspiration, or inhalation of infective microorganisms (Cilloniz, Martin-Loeches, Garcia-Vidal, San Jose, and Torres, 2016). The purpose of this paper will be to educate and inform on the pneumonia…

Ms. A. is a 28-year-old married executive who reports feeling anxiety and experiencing insomnia. She has been taking over-the-counter (OTC) medication to assist with sleep, but she still appears exhausted. Ms. A.’s symptoms have developed over a period of three months, and were reportedly triggered by her husband traveling out of town for business. She reports feeling irritable, tired, and nervous in a variety of situations. Ms. A. states that she has had a 15-pound weight loss over the past 3…

Climate change endangers all sectors of our society. Human health will be impacted directly and indirectly due to the environmental changes that will occur with climate change. Ozone depletion occurs when manufactured chemicals such as chlorofluorocarbons reach the stratosphere; the UV radiation from the sun causes the release of chlorine atoms that react with the ozone. This chemical cycle causes ozone destruction that depletes the ozone layer. Ultimately, the chain reaction will affect the…

Morphine is an opioid where as Tramadol is not an opioid but still binds into the opioid receptor and produces the same effect as an opioid would, if medication is strengthened. Both tramadol (oral) and morphine (oral) are commonly used for pain management. While tramadol is used to treat moderate pain, morphine is used for moderate to severe nociceptive pain, such as pain due to surgery, trauma or cancer. Evidence suggests that tramadol can ease opioid withdrawal, therefore it cannot be abused…

initially focused on the development of standard chemical weapons for use as a last resort in military action, producing stores of lethal CX powder and mustard gas, nerve agents such as VX, irritant riot control agents like CS gas, as well as various anticholinergic deliriants. However, the circumstances of apartheid-era South Africa engendered a need for a focus on non-lethal agents as well. With internal dissent amongst the oppressed black population as a major concern for the military,…

Antipsychotic Medications and Treatment Antipsychotic medications have been developed over a period of years to helped clients suffering with psychosis such as schizophrenia (Perry, Alexander, Liskow & DeVane, 2007). There are two classes of medication which is described as first and second generation treatment (Perry et al,.2013). Psychosis is view as a disorder in which a client’s loses interaction with the reality of life and will need antipsychotics to treat those severe mental illnesses…