Anticholinergic

Laryngospasm and Bronchospasm Alyssa Acosta San Joaquin Valley College Abstract Laryngospasms and bronchospasms are both spasms that occur during within the upper respiratory tract (Frey & Ross, 2014). They can either occur in the operating room, during induction of anesthesia or can occur in a normal setting, triggered by things other than anesthesia. Depending on severity and setting, laryngospasms and bronchospasms can be either non life-threatening or life-threatening (Drugs.com,…

quick-relief medicines, long-term control medicines, immunotherapy (allergy shots) and calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR). Quick-relief medicines are taken at the first sign of symptoms for immediate relief which includes inhalation of beta2-agonists and anticholinergics, but they do not mediate the airway difficulties that cause the attack they only suppress the attack for a short period of time. Long-term asthma control drugs are usually taken daily, the medication keeps asthma attack under…

Whether or not you or a loved one have developed Parkinson’s Disease, you may be wondering how this disease will affect you or your loved one and what they mean for your own risk or that of your children. Parkinson 's disease is a degenerative disorder of the brain leading to quivering, muscular stiffness, difficulty with walking, stability, and coordination. There have been half a million reported cases in the United States where the average onset of symptoms usually develops at 60 years of age…

Although Sarin has been around for a very long time its effects, while very deadly, have not been very well studied. It is a dangerous chemical that has had no other purpose or intention then killing people quickly and effectively. Sarin is a clear, odorless, tasteless liquid that has been used in terrorist attacks all over the world. The main attacks carried out by the Japanese cult Aum Shinrikyo on the Tokyo Subway in 1995 and in the Iran-Iraq Conflict in the 80’s (Simpson, 2004). Although…

Asthma Asthma is a respiratory tract disease characterized by spasms of the airway tube that can affect individuals. According to Huether and McCance (2012) well over 34 million adult and children were diagnosed with asthma by health care providers. Although, it is more prevalent during childhood. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the pathophysiology of chronic and acute asthma disorders, implications of genetics on Asthma, as well as diagnosis and treatment.…

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a progressive disease process that includes emphysema, chronic bronchitis, and in some cases asthma. COPD is the sixth leading cause of death in the United States (Reid, 2014). This disease is a public health problem that is not only preventable but treatable. It is important to know about the illness, symptoms, standard inhaled medication and explore a newer long-acting muscarinic antagonist bronchodilator as Global initiative for Chronic…

using medicines to control vertigo often extends the time needed for compensation to occur. Antiemetic medicines may also be used to reduce nausea and vomiting that can occur with vertigo. The American Gastroenterological Association recommends anticholinergics and antihistamines for the treatment of nausea associated with vertigo or motion sickness. Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vestibular system. Benzodiazepines enhance the action of GABA in the…

The mother and I were advised last week that the psychiatrist intended to switch Jane from Abilify to Latuda, and to take her off of Congentin. The psychiatrist’s hope is that Jane will have reduced weight gain, and reduced anticholinergic side effects (dry eyes in particular). While the risks seem low, my biggest concern is that Latuda will not control Jane’s psychotic symptoms, as these have been very stable on Abilify. There is also a risk that new side effects will manifest…

Parkinson’s Disease Parkinson’s Disease is a progressive disease of the nervous system affecting movement. Dopamine is a neurotransmitter concentrated in the substania nigra, part of the basal ganglia, and is important in controlling smooth, coordinated movement. When dopamine-producing cells die or fail to produce enough dopamine neurodegeneration occurs and Parkinson’s symptoms begin to appear. When the brain loses dopamine cells, dopamine and acetylcholine are put out of balance and…

Employment is a major element of QOL because it affects many other important elements in QOL. Taylor’s unemployment may cause life style consequences such as financial hardship, inadequate recreational opportunities and loss of independence and also found difficulty in maintaining social relationship. Cognitive and communicative impairments after TBI are often common. Cognitive disturbances may disrupt number of elements of cognition including memory, orientation and attention and functioning.…