Antibiotics

Mold is fungi that are found outdoors and inside homes. Molds grows exceptionally well on paper products and in moist dark environments. Nevertheless, mold is found in every environment, including dry conditions and reproduce year round. Areas in which mold are found include greenhouses, saunas, farms, mills, construction areas, basements and showers. According to the Center of Disease Control (CDC) mold thrives on three conditions. First, mold needs a food source i.e. leaves, paper drywall.…

Humans make accidents and it's normal. People have even invented things that weren't on purpose. They've invented meals or even things to play with by an accident. But not only that was invented, but as well as something that can change or save someone's life. For instance, the medicine known as Penicillin was formulated by accident. In September of 1928, a bacteriologist by the name of Alexander Fleming went to go on vacation but left his laboratory into a complete disaster. Once he returned…

represent a serious burden for the public health system.” (Otto) These bacteria have a huge impact on hospital grounds because it can contaminate any devices doctors use on their patients. Staphylococcus epidermidis doesn’t usually respond well to antibiotics; so in order to treat it, Vancomycin is prescribed because it is the drug of choice for infections caused by methicillin resistant organisms. Vancomycin usually targets enzymes that facilitate cell wall formation; and the greatest…

Microbial control agents are of two types based on their effect on microbial cells which are either bactericidal or bacteriostatic. • Bactericidal antibiotics kill (cidal) the bacteria Ex: Polymixin B is a bactericidal agents which disrupts the plasma membrane resulting in leaking the contents creating imbalance in the cell. • Bacteriostatic antibiotics suppress the growth of bacteria Ex: tetracycline is a bacteriostatic agent which stops the protein synthesis by inhibiting the role of…

Introduction: Resistance to antibiotics is an ongoing concern of the pharmaceutical industry. The limited number of antibiotics in the market to treat Gram negative bacteria made their resistance an issue that is being addressed worldwide. The isolation of colistin from Bacillus polymyxa var. colistinus in Japan in 1949 and the introduction of colistin into the market in 1959 as its inactive prodrug colistin methanesulfonate (CMS) were significant milestones in the treatment of this type of…

The 20th century saw a series of remarkable discoveries that changed the face of medical practice. Among the most important was the discovery of antimicrobial agents, beginning with the synthesis of arsphenamine by Paul Ehrlich as the century dawned [1]. With this discovery, the dreaded scourge of syphilis was brought under control, although not eradicated. However, the toxicity of the drug made it less than ideal as an antimicrobial agent. Shortly thereafter, optochin (ethyl cupreine) was tried…

Introduction The drugs used in this experiment are Chloramphenicol and rifampicin. Both of these drugs are antibiotics however their methods of action are quite different. These drugs have different effects on the bacteria they are being used against. Rifampicin is a bactericidal drug and chloramphenicol is bacteriostatic. Bactericidal drugs interfere with the bacteria to such an extent that the bacteria die. They not only prevent new cells from growing but also cause a crucial aspect of the…

some of the most dangerous bacteria's died near to the mould, this proved lethal to germs, even when greatly diluted it was still effective. Fleming realised at this point this was something important. So that caused Fleming to discover the first antibiotic which he named penicillin. At the time of Flemings discovery of penicillin it was not pure enough to be injected into a human body, this caused Fleming to publish what was discovered. Attempts, by Fleming, to purify and extract penicillins…

There are exactly 166 antibiotics in today’s world. Each antibiotic in the world has a specific job to do when it comes to killing and stopping deadly bacteria. If one antibiotic does not work, then try another one. Some antibiotics are very strong and can kill bacteria at the presence of it, but some antibiotics are not strong enough to kill them. Tetanus is a fatal, acute disease which is caused by exotoxin produced by the bacterium Clostridium tetani. This disease causes spasms in the…

Antibiotic resistant bacteria are bacteria that are resistant to the antibiotics that at one time were able to kill them. It is a growing issue in today’s society especially since it is unknown how these microbes are able to mutate around a treatment that was once lethal to them. The consensus in the healthcare community is that these microbes will be an increasing threat until a solution is found. There is still discussion and controversy over the best method of identification and infection…