Antibiotics

Introduction: Antibiotic sensitivity testing is used in clinical laboratories to predict the effectiveness or failure of antibiotics in vivo by testing in vitro. The need for antibiotic sensitivity testing is urgent due to the surge of antimicrobial resistant pathogens in recent years. Antimicrobial resistance hinders the prevention and treatment of the infections caused by parasites, bacteria, fungi and viruses. Antimicrobial resistance is the resistance of a pathogen to an antimicrobial that…

1.2.2 Mechanism of antibiotic resistance Bacteria may become resistant to various antimicrobial agents through several mechanisms. Major mechanisms of antibiotic resistance in bacteria includes : (1) modification in target site so the antibiotic cannot recognise the target; (2) enzyme production that will inactivate or modify the drug before its effect; (3) expelling or extruding the antibiotic outside the cell by one or more efflux pumps so the drug is unable to reach the target site to exert…

spreading as we continue with our daily lives. Many doctors suggest using antibiotics in order to manage and potentially get rid of E. coli infections, but the use of antibiotics can potentially be more harmful than beneficial. Besides…

Protect Yourself Against Antibiotic-Resistant Superbugs Naturally There has been a lot of talk about antibiotic-resistant superbugs lately, and we 're understandably scared. After all, if the strongest prescription antibiotics can 't beat a raging infection, does this mean we 'll enter another dark age of plague-like sickness and death? Not necessarily. Even though the first United States medical case of antibiotic-resistant bacteria was discovered recently, there 's no need for panic just…

purpose of the act is to give these antibiotic-prescribing drug companies the ability to catch up to their investment costs to allow them to continue in research of other possible antibiotic solutions (Chin). In 2014, President Obama proposed an executive order to issue a five year National Action Plan to combat antibiotic resistance that should include measurements of their progress (Chin). After doubling the available federal funds of control of antibiotic resistance in March 2015, the…

Antibiotics can save lives when used properly. Either killing bacteria or keeping the bacteria from reproducing is the trade of an antibiotic. The use of antibiotics when they are not needed or not using them properly can add to antibiotic resistance. This stresses the importance of understanding each individual antibiotic. The key areas of interest include; the antibiotic classification, mechanism of action, metabolism and excretion, infections and common bacteria normally treated, common…

horrible diseases like pneumonia, syphilis, and gangrene. Penicillin also is thought to propel modern medicine into the lifesaver it is today. Penicillin is a weird drug, it is considered an antibiotic which mean the main purpose for the drug is bacterial diseases. Penicillin is thought to be the first antibiotic ever founded. The discovery of penicillin was on accident though. The man who discovered the lifesaving drug was Alexander Fleming, a Scottish scientist who was researching bacteria at…

Statement; Antibiotic resistance and the overuse of vaccines has contributed to the increased incidence of emerging diseases and resistance to their controls and treatments. The Human immune system is a complex network of tissues, cells and microorganisms that collaborate with one another to help protect the human body from attacking antigens. The immune system is the last line of defense, protecting the body from harmful substances that are attacking. Links between the Human immune system…

She is on a third day of a seven-day course of antibiotic, therefore there is a great possibility of clostridium difficile infection. Especially when she has a few risk factors of clostridium difficile infection including age 65years old and above, on Co-amoxiclav antibiotic treatment and recently hospitalised. These factors increased the chances that she suffered from the infection. (NICE, 2013) Ms CD’s faecal…

population identified were adults and children who had been administered antibiotics for any purpose. Both inpatient and outpatient population groups were used. These RCTs had the appropriate design to complete this systematic review. Research studies until the databases MEDLINE, Cochrane Library and EMBASE were included in the systematic review and…