Antibiotic

Bacteria are commonly associated with pathogenicity. There are multiple factors that can contribute to bacteria being pathogenic. One factor is sporulation. Sporulation is a specialized function that select bacteria undergo when they are exposed to harsh environmental conditions (Fimlaid 2015). Clostridium difficile, Clostridium botulism and Bacillus anthracis are three examples of sporulating bacteria that cause serious human disease. In a 2011 study, the Centers for Disease Control and…

DNA. When this happened it was groundbreaking and soon led to the the ability for scientists to manipulate gene sequences in DNA. E. Coli was the bacteria that was first used to accept the plasmid known as pSC101 which was resistant to certain antibiotics (Genetics and Genomics Timeline). After repetition of this new process they decided to use the genes from the Xenopus laevis toad into E. Coli bacteria. They saw that the bacteria reproduced at an astonishing rate and recorded that the genetic…

(Campbell, 2007). Exposure to toxins is often the result of the administration of therapeutic agents or medications for the treatment of other primary diagnoses. These medications fall into several classes including: aminoglycoside antibiotics, antineoplastic drugs, other antibiotics, antimalarial drugs, loop diuretics, and salicylates. To date, there are over 200 over-the-counter and prescription medications that are known ototoxic articles. (Fausti et. al, 2007). This document will…

It is ten o’clock in the morning when Michael Pollan takes the stage of Wheeler Auditorium at the University of California-Berkeley for his Global Sustainability class, where he scans the room to look into the eyes of 700 students, an impressive feat for any professor with an early lecture. The students are about what you would expect from a high-achieving university - eager and intelligent, all looking to make the food industry more sustainable. Upon Pollan’s invitation, Pam Ronald, a slight in…

Bio-chemicals produced by marine invertebrates, algae and bacteria are very different than those from related terrestrial organisms and thus offer great potential as new classes of medicines. To date, examples of marine-derived drugs include an antibiotic from fungi, two closely related compounds from a sponge that treat cancer and the herpes virus, and a neurotoxin from a snail that has painkiller properties making it 10,000 times more potent than morphine without the side effects (Kim et…

We all wish it was as simple as dipping in a river seven times a day for seven days. That is what Naaman did in the bile story. Leprosy is not new to this world but doctors have yet to make a vaccine for it. Although people are still suffering from leprosy, it is very curable. Although there is no vaccine for leprosy, however, vaccine again Tb called the BCG vaccine provides some protection from leprosy. Leprosy is cause by Mycobacterium leprae. Mycobacterium leprae is a slow-growing bacterium…

According to the CDC there are around 200,000 reported cases of syphilis in the United States each year. Syphilis can be hard to detect since it often has the same symptoms as other diseases. In order to detect the disease, it is important to be informed about syphilis. Syphilis is a sexually transmitted bacterial infection. The bacterial infection is caused by the bacterium treponema pallidum. Treponema pallidum belongs to the Spirochaetaceae family, and is a spirochete bacterium.…

NECROTIZING FASCIITIS This is an uncommon disease. Necrotizing Fasciitis is also known as a flesh-eating bacteria disease. This affects every 1 out of 4 people. Some symptoms of this disease are weak immune system, consumption of steroid medicines, has surgical cuts or injuries on parts of their body, or had been affected by chicken pox recently. This bacteria destroys and eats up fat, skin and the tissue covering the muscle of a particular part of the body, and can occur anywhere in the body.…

Ernst Boris Chain was fascinated with science, just like his father, but when Adolf Hitler came into power, Ernst Boris Chain was forced to flee to Great Britain in order to further his studies instead of being forced into a concentration camp. Ernst Boris Chain was “the son of a wealthy chemist,” and as he was growing up in Berlin, “Chain became interested in chemistry while he was a student at the Luisengymnasium in Berlin” (World of Health; Science and Its Times). While in school, “both his…

identify the bacteria - Toxin assay to detect the presence of toxins - Electrocardiogram If Diphtheria is confirmed, or even suspected, the doctor will immediately start treatment by injecting the relevant antitoxin and will follow it up with antibiotics. You could be administered intravenous fluids and oxygen. Your heart, lungs and kidneys will be monitored. If you suffer from breathing problems, your doctor may prescribe a breathing tube and will treat the airway blockages. You will also be…