Antibiotic resistance

Organisms present on the Gram film were obtained from patient sputum. This suggests that the organisms can be present either in the airways or in the lungs. Gram film shows Gram-positive (purple- dark colour) elongated oval shaped (cocci) cells. Bacteria are present as diplococci (pairs of cocci), nevertheless they also appeared as single cells and short chains of few cells (four cells chain is visible at the Gram film). Morphological appearance of bacteria, Gram stain and presence of the…

graft prosthesis. However, these approaches are not feasible for some patients with anatomical difficulty of excision or severe comorbid medical illnesses. We report a case of aortic prosthetic graft infection treated successfully with long term antibiotics without surgical intervention. A 47-year-old man had undergone descending thoracic aortic reconstruction with woven Dacron graft for post-ductal coarctation of the descending aorta at the age of 15. He had a high fever and back pain on…

Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S.Typhimurium) Xylose lysine deoxycholate (XLD) agar. Microbial classification  Salmonella species are one of the most commonly seen foodborne pathogens, affecting animals and humans worldwide (4,7,12,17,19).  The serological clarification of Salmonella serovars may be determined by commercially accessible polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies (MAbs), which…

Dr. Eric Skaar from the Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology at Vanderbilt University, School of Medicine, gave this seminar on November 9, 2015. He talks about finding therapeutic targets for Staphylococcus aureus. He states that metals are required for infection and that bacteria encode high affinity metal acquisition systems. Heme, which is a cofactor of hemoglobin, is known to be the most abundant iron source in the vertebrate host, and is the main focus of this seminar.…

Periodontitis is a chronic infectious disease of the supporting tissues of the teeth. Due to bacterial infection, periodontal tissues become inflamed, and are slowly destroyed by the action of the inflammatory process. If the disease is left untreated, teeth lose their ligamentous support to the alveolar bone, alveolar bone itself is resorbed, and the teeth become mobile and are finally lost.1 Traditionally, periodontitis was thought to be strictly environmental in origin. Despite this belief,…

by touching surfaces contaminated with feces, then touch your mouth. Symptoms include nausea, cramps, and diarrhea. These symptoms can become extremely severe that it is often disabling. You can take a highly strong antibiotic which can permanently kill C-diff. However, the antibiotic will destroy other useful bacteria in the gut, causing more problems later on. You can also…

pediatric trials have methodological problems and are unable to provide conclusions, whereas others have heterogeneous results despite similar study designs. Therefore, the efficacy of probiotics in preventing AAD in children is unclear. Since antibiotics are prescribed frequently in children and AAD is common in this population, it is important to determine. The objective of this study is to assess the efficacy of probiotics (of any specified strain or dose) for the prevention of AAD in…

Every day we hear on the news about how many health problems we have as humans. When we find a cure for one health problem there are three more health issues that pop up. People have become ignorant about politics and what is happening around them. Worst of all people have become ignorant about what is in the food they are putting in their bodies. I have been looking at the pros and cons to using pesticides and what I have found in my research surprised me. Now the bad side of pesticides…

ampicillin resistance gene. According to the data, that didn’t happen because the +pGLO LB/amp had 3 white colonies at the end of the bacterial transformation and the +pGLO LB/amp/ara had 2 colonies that glow at the end of bacterial transformation meaning that there was an error in our “+plasmid” which occurred during the lab. We did predict that the -pGLO LB/amp would remain the same with no colonies and -pGLO LB would grow bacteria because the “-plasmid” does not express the ampicillin…

Eukaryotic cells such as macrophages have the ability to go through the process of phagocytosis in order to ingest different harmful bacteria such as Legionella pneumophila. Macrophages ingest these bacteria in order to digest them, however, the Legionella pneumophila containing phagosomes (LCPs) avoid the lysosomes of the cell by replicating and converting the phagosome into an endoplasmic reticulum derived organelle with the aid of Sar1 and ADP-ribosylation (ARF). Sar1 and ARF are GTPases…