Anti-diabetic drug

Sitagliptin is a drug that has proven its effectiveness towards managing type 2 diabetes. Type 2 diabetes is a progressive disease characterized by relative lack of insulin. It consists of insulin resistance as well as dysfunction of β-cells. Insulin resistance indicates that more insulin is required for normal body functioning along with decreased insulin concentration at all levels.4 This lowers the glucose transporter action associated with insulin deficiency.4 Malfunctioning of pancreatic β-cells, which causes impaired production of insulin, is another factor present in type 2 diabetes. Sitagliptin is a highly selective DPP-4 inhibitor; it exerts its actions in patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes by decelerating inactivation of incretin hormones and thus prolonging their actions.3 The function of incretin hormones, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), is to regulate the glucose homeostasis.3 Incretin hormones are released during fasting state.3 After consumption of foods, activation of these hormones promotes insulin production and insulin release from pancreatic β-cells.3 The DPP-4 enzyme rapidly degrades these incretin hormones and causes the decrease of insulin in patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes.3 Sitagliptin selectively inhibits the DPP-4…

Difference and Similarities of Lantus and Levemir Lantus and Levemir are the type of long-acting insulin which is injectable and used in the treatment of diabetes. They can be used by both children and adults. Human insulin is made up of amino acid chains, A and B. Insulin is produced naturally in the body by the pancreas. It converts tissues in the bloodstream into energy which we use daily. With no insulin in the torso, the sugar levels will become dangerously high and out of balance. Hence,…

All You Need To Know About Diabetic Retinopathy Evidently, people living with diabetes may have to deal with several health complications ranging from mild to severe. These complications can either be long-term or short-term, and can impact on the patient's overall health. Basically, different parts of the patient's body can be affected including the eyes, heart, kidneys and nerves. However, according to a recent study by the National Eye Institute, diabetic retinopathy has become one of the…

Methods Evaluating the effectiveness of a proposed solution assesses the extent of program objectives being met, which demonstrates the changes in knowledge, attitude, skills, perception and behavior of the nursing professionals regarding diabetes mellitus, and changes in the health status of diabetic patients in a nursing home (Julia, Jacobs, Jones, Gabella, Spring & Brownson, 2012). All the four types of evaluation methods will be used to achieve the project objectives. Firstly, a formative…

About 66% of type 1 diabetics have some form of neuropathy. [4] Diabetic neuropathy occurs in the peripheral nervous system which affects the afferent and efferent pathways of both the autonomic and somatic nervous systems. Neuropathies in the autonomic nervous system can negatively affect every body system. Complications such as incontinence, impotence, decreased tolerance to exercise and gastroparesis. This will interfere with the body’s constant functions to maintain homeostasis.…

Introduction Diabetic foot ulcers are rated as one of the principal causes of diabetes mellitus hospitalization in the US and worldwide. Diabetic foot disease causes complications which account for huge medical expenses. For instance, in the UK, it is reported that NHS spends five million pounds annually on diabetes foot ulcers. Studies show that 100 patients lose their lower limb of their foot as a result of diabetic foot disorders (Nicholas, 2013). Diabetic foot ulcers result into amputations.…

medical history, basic patient information, and list of medications currently being taken. Next, both groups will take a survey to see what they already know and do not know about diabetes and management. Then the intervention group will start to implement the new ways to care for their diabetes, which they will be closely monitored in an inpatient facility. This study will take one year to complete to ensure that the participants do intake, educational program, receive and implement treatment…

Diabetic retinopathy (DR), which affects approximately one-third of the 29 million Americans with diabetes mellitus (DM), is the leading cause of new cases of blindness in US working-age adults. Our lab has previously shown a link between specific European mitochondrial haplogroups and DR severity, but not the presence of DR. A follow-up study by the lab showed that higher glycosylated hemoglobin is a proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) risk factor only in DR patients from mitochondrial…

Diabetes is a disease that affects a roughly 1.25 million Americans. The number of American’s with diabetes continues to expand with roughly 1.7 million new Americans being diagnosed each year. Roughly twenty-five percent of the 1.7 million newly diagnosed diabetics every year are people over the age of sixty-five (diabetics.org, 2014). Over the next fifteen years, as the baby boomer generation begins reaching the age of sixty-five and older, the percentage of elderly diagnosed diabetics will…

hours shift. Clean the wound and apply dressing as order. Dressings should be change according to the doctor’s order to avoid any skin breakdown (Perry & Potter, 2014, 442). Use of the foot pump to increase circulation and maintain pressure. Foot pumps help to stimulate the circulation of the leg as if the patient were walking normal. Administrating pain medication prior to dressing changes as needed. Pain medication should be given 30 minutes before any procedure and before the inset…