Anterior cingulate cortex

cells fail due to the down regulation of acetylcholine and the over activation of glutamate, which result in the death of neurons (IOS Press, 2008). It is believed to involve the irreversible loss of cholinergic neurons, specifically in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus (Advokat et al., 2014). The onset of this disease usually occurs after age 60, but is increasingly being reported in people younger than 65 (Advokat et al., 2014). Symptoms of Alzheimer’s involve cognitive…

higher reading scores among the students. The neural responses they measured come mostly from the auditory midbrain. Midbrain’ plasticity is precisely mediated by the two above-mentioned pathways (top-down and bottom-up) and the activity of prefrontal cortex (Kraus et al., 2014), which is the executive center of our brains. Given the behavioral and neurophysiological outcome of the Harmony Project, it is tempting for us to reevaluate the role of co-curricular music programs for children at…

My reaction to the subject of identity helped me to fully understand it. After reading the text book todays lesson and my personal experiences I fully realize how important identity has been in my life. In the class activity and lecture, I was fully able to understand the concept of identity. I found that with the photo you asked us to pick out and the group conversation, I understood identity and how we develop identity. My photo was a picture of me and my sister at her high school graduation,…

The question of what consciousness is or what we can deem as to be conscious is most fiercely debated topic in this dissertation because its subjective nature; what you and I may consider to have its own consciousness may possibly or rather probably will be different, how then can we build a machine with its own conscience when we has humans still haven’t figured it what it even really means to be conscious. I think therefore I am This very famous statement written by French mathematician and…

found to respond best to motion depth, another skill that L.M. lacked. A different opinion for the neurobiological basis of this condition is that the cortical area involved with the previously mentioned functions was disconnected from the striate cortex. Damage to the brain can result in a wide range of…

cortical sizes and amount of gray matter. Cortical size formation is correlated with number of cortical divisions. Signaling molecules, called patterning centers, determine what kind of neuron the neuron will be before it is sent out to its subsequent cortex to form synapses. Building off previous cortical organization theories, Dr. Buckner and Dr. Krienen came up with the tether…

procedural memory, and working memory. (Memory of biology) The hippocampus is where the memory cells are located (Talk of the Nation.) It also largely controls behavioral responses and is where show term memory is stored (World Anatomy 12). In the cortex, the memories that are long term and meaningful are stored (Talk of the Nation…

How many times have you walked into a room and suddenly forgotten why you went in there in the first place? When this happens, do you joke that you’ve just had “a senior moment?” Most of us believe that cognitive decline is just a part of the aging process. In fact, until very recently, scientists believed that the brain stopped making new neural connections when the body stopped developing, at about age 20. This would mean that our memory and other cognitive functions would get irreversibly…

The arousal theory is based off behavior being partially a function of the average state of arousal, excitement, or de-arousal, inhibition, of the cortex. Meaning, depending on if an individual is introverted or extroverted they will require different amounts of stimulation to cause cortical arousal. Introverts are considered stimulus shy, they require less stimulus than extroverts, causing them…

decade before anything can be detected in the brain by certain scans or tests. This sort of disease is rapid and once a patient is diagnosed, it only gets worse from that point on. The cerebral cortex is responsible for thinking, planning, and remembering information. For Alzheimer’s patients, the cortex shrivels up causing the loss or gain of any information. The shrinkage of the Hippocampus is directly responsible for the inability to store new memories. Researchers have conducted various…