Ant colony

progress. A city that holds close accord is the one whose members fulfill their roles adequately. Johnson, in his work “The Myth of the Ant Queen,” describes how ant colonies live in self-organized systems, and how this could apply to the human society. The word “Queen” associated with ant colonies means a leader in the human race, but it has an entirely…

Hot and Cold spots of selection: Parasitoid attack of fungus-growing ants Abstract: It is known that fungus-growing ants, and their integral mutualism with fungus, allowed for their exploitation of new niches; which resulted in diversified lineages. However, there may have been other factors that refined these lineages into the resulting clades and species we see today. Diapriidae wasps are extremely common in the Neotropics; and poorly understood phylogenetically and ecologically. However,…

Swarm behavior is one of the main characteristics of different colonies of social insects (bees, wasps, ants, termites). This type of behavior is first and foremost characterized by autonomy, distributed functioning and self-organizing. Swarm Intelligence, SI, is considered to be the area of Artificial Intelligence that is based on studying actions of individuals in various decentralized systems~\cite{bonabeau1999}. However, there is still today big discrepancy between two schools of thought in…

take over expanding the nest, building multiple six-sided cells into which the queen continually lays eggs. By late summer, a colony can have more than 5,000 individuals, all of whom, including the founding queen, die off at winter. Only newly fertilized queens survive the cold to restart the process in spring. Solitary wasps, by far the largest subgroup, do not form colonies. This group includes some of the wasp family's largest members, like cicada killers and the striking blue-and-orange…

Disney film, A Bug’s Life tells the story of an inventive ant who ventures out to find help in defending his colony against a cloud of grasshoppers. Published in 1998, the film was directed by John Lasseter and Andrew Stanton. In the film, A Bug’s Life, a colony of ants is forced to collect food every year for a cloud of grasshoppers. The movie centers around an inventive ant named Flik, whose inventions often create problems for the colony. That was, until one of his inventions accidentally…

The Wasp (Hymenoptera) There are two common kinds of wasps, the social and the solitary. The social are called that as they usually live and work together in colonies, whereas the solitary wasps rear their families alone. The Wasp There are over one hundred thousand species of wasps and they can be found living in wall cavities, lofts, hollow trees and bushes. The solitary wasp lives alone and makes a nest for its family, which could be a hole in a tree or the ground. Some solitary wasps build…

In this project, Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP) is studied. VRP is an NP-hard combinatorial optimization problem. It appears in a large number of real world situations, such as transportation of people and products, delivery services, garbage collection etc. It can be applied everywhere, for vehicles, trains, plains; that is why Vehicle Routing Problem is of great practical importance in real life. The Vehicle Routing Problems (VRPs) are the ones concerning the distribution of goods between…

as an individual, but being important when becoming a part of a bigger whole/society. Thomas uses a very critical and bitter tone to express that an ant are like humans, even if we deny the reality that our society are alike ants. Lewis Thomas connects an ant colony at a gallery as a body experiencing torment.Lewis’s experience with 2 million ants dying are exactly the same feelings with 2 million humans dying “twinges of sympathy, and something else” the idea that he feels something within…

Amongst the flying insects, bees are also closely related to wasps and ants, known for their ability to pollinate and for producing honey and beeswax. Bees are a monophyletic lineage within the super family, Apoidea and are presently considered a clade, called Anthophila. There are nearly 20,000 known species of bees in seven recognized biological families. They are found on every continent except Antarctica, in every habitat on the planet that contains insect-pollinated flowering plants. Some…

for descriptive science or hypothesis testing. An ant has been examined under the microscope and it has been found that this type of ants has the main parts the head, thorax, and abdomen. All six legs is branches from the thorax part. Ants usually classified depending on the number of nodes, the part that connects the thorax to the abdomen, there is one-node ants and two-node ants. The body of the ant is mostly empty and ( you can see through it). Ants also have small hair that covers their…