Ant colony optimization

Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) is one of combinatorial optimization problems. X TSP is NP-hard problem which defined as a set of cities and each city should be visited once with minimum tour length. This paper solved this problem using Firefly Algorithm (FA) and k-means clustering by three steps: cluster the nodes, finding optimal path in each cluster and connect the clusters. The first step is to divide all nodes into sub-problems using k-means clustering, the second step is to use FA to find…

Theme: Insects Activity Name: Pattern Worms Activity category: Math, fine motor Area of room: Small table Focus of Children and Rationale: According to common core children in Ms. B’s kindergarten class must learn one to one correspondence and be able to build simple patterns. Some students enjoy building with Legos (e.g. James, Malik, and Parte). Some girls like to use Legos to build a pretend houses and color coordinate blocks together. Although, the girl’s fine motor skills are more developed…

Amongst the flying insects, bees are also closely related to wasps and ants, known for their ability to pollinate and for producing honey and beeswax. Bees are a monophyletic lineage within the super family, Apoidea and are presently considered a clade, called Anthophila. There are nearly 20,000 known species of bees in seven recognized biological families. They are found on every continent except Antarctica, in every habitat on the planet that contains insect-pollinated flowering plants. Some…

the community. It also shows that how our actions can greatly affect all the communities that we are a part of. There are many beliefs of the types of government that the ant colony should have. Each has their pros and cons, but only one type truly recognises every ant in the colony. General Mandible believes that the colony should have an autocratic government. This is evident because he wants the princess to be the…

problems within the colony an uprising against its suppressor is established. The film Bug 's Life demonstrates Marx 's theory. In the movie Flik 's colony is being oppressed by Hopper and his gang. Hopper tells the colony that they will provide protection for them as long as the working ants provide them with food. However when Flik accidentally ruins the harvest that colony has just provided. Hopper then demands them to provide twice the food or they will no longer protect the colony. This…

Most ant species are social insects, living in large cooperative groups called colonies. Two or more generations may overlap in a colony. These ant colonies are divided into three castes — males, workers and queens — and each caste perform certain tasks. Queen ants and males are part of the reproductive castes. They are the most important members of a colony because they ensure the survival of their species. Queen ants, regardless of species, often are larger than other members of their…

Novels can do many things to the reader, they can also make them feel countless different ways. Some books make one aware of a problem they did not know about before. Or they can make them aware of the severity of a problem that they did not know was very serious. Novels can also inspire and give readers hope about something they thought was hopeless. At the same time it can ignite a passion in the reader that they did not know existed. Novels like Zoo, this is a book that can do all of those…

The Wasp (Hymenoptera) There are two common kinds of wasps, the social and the solitary. The social are called that as they usually live and work together in colonies, whereas the solitary wasps rear their families alone. The Wasp There are over one hundred thousand species of wasps and they can be found living in wall cavities, lofts, hollow trees and bushes. The solitary wasp lives alone and makes a nest for its family, which could be a hole in a tree or the ground. Some solitary wasps build…

All the sudden, I feel like a million pounds is pressing on my back. I am surrounded by darkness and suffocating. I go to move my legs and find that I now have what feels like an additional fourteen. This isn't a big deal to me, after all, I do lucid dream often. This is just a dream of course. After squirming my way out of a tight spot, I notice that the darkness is simply the sheets covering my face.I can now breathe better. I can't help but laugh at my stupidity and I often enjoy controlling…

What is reality? Is there a connection to your brain and the world around you? Is it really what you think it is? Current knowledge about our bodies state that the brain sees the world by using millions of stimuli around us to perceive the feelings of cold, soft, bright, and countless others. Take a look at this sunset, you see the sunset in front of you but when you leave the area. Was there really a sunset at the time period. Your mind says yes since you recall being there but is there…