Anode

Levofloxacin cocrystals were prepared by solvent evaporation method. The drug and co formers, stearic acid and sodium saccharin were physically mixed in varying ratios of 1:1, 1:3, 1:5, 1:7 and 1:1 and 2:1 respectively in a glass mortar and the mixtures were dissolved in ethanol as solvent for crystallization. The solvent evaporation was carried in rotary flash evaporator (Laborota 4000, Hiedolph) maintained at 40 ± 2ºC and speed of 30 rpm. The products obtained were dried in a desiccator and…

Agarose Gel Electrophoresis Since the discovery of the four classes of macromolecules (proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids), researchers and biochemists have fine-tuned methods that reveal structural information about each of them. Different structural properties determine different functions and chemical properties, and scientists have developed intricate techniques to observe, quantify, and isolate molecules based on their aforementioned properties. Agarose gel electrophoresis,…

The atomic theory has come a long way since 400 B.C.E when the atomic model looked like a billiard ball, it is a very fundamental part of modern chemistry. About twenty four hundred years ago the first supporters of an atomic theory were the Greek philosophers Leucippus and Democritus who proposed the theory that matter could not be divided into smaller and smaller pieces over and over, he called these tiny pieces atomos. This comes from the meaning “cannot be cut”. He thought that atoms were…

The topic for the research being proposed is to investigate whether the use of tDCS (transcranial direct stimulation) applied to a specific area of the human test subjects brain’s can enhance working memory, more specifically memory retrieval. tDCS has become a popular technology due to the affordability of the equipment involved. tCDS is a fairly new technology and with that comes unkown, not yet discovered, aspects of the technology. The first and most notable unknown is the long term…

Cyclic Voltammetry of Ferricyanide Analytical Lab 1: 2410L Benjamin A. Battiste Group 2 10/14/15 Introduction: The purpose of this experiment is to use cyclic voltammetry to see how ferricyanide can be reduced to ferrocyanide. Using cyclic voltammetry a calibration curve will be created to determine the concention(mM) of an unknown solution of ferricyanide. In cyclic voltammetry, the potential of a substance is scanned starting from a certain voltage, going to another voltage, and then…

The purpose of this lab was to prepare tetraphenylcyclopentadienone most commonly known as tetracyclone. This involved a 3-step synthesis over the course of 3 weeks. The first step was the preparation of benzoin, which was completed through self-condensation of benzaldehyde with thiamine used as the base catalyst of the reaction. The next step was the preparation of benzil from the oxidation reaction of benzoin with nitric acid. In the oxidation reaction, the alcohol functional group of benzoin…

Koutsomichalis et al (2008) discussed that having high hardness and good adhesion with the substrate the sprayed coating exhibited satisfactory wear resistance. Tungsten carbide is an advanced ceramic material combining a unique set of properties such as high hardness, high melting point, wear resistance, good thermal shock resistance, thermal conductivity and good resistance against oxidation. They can be applied as coatings by thermal spraying processes such as plasma-spraying, high-velocity…

slab, which is placed into a chamber filled with a conductive buffer solution. A direct current is passed between wire electrodes at each end of the chamber. Since most molecules have a net charge, they will be drawn toward either the positive pole (anode) or the negative pole (cathode) when placed in an electric field. The matrix of the agarose gel acts as a molecular sieve through which smaller molecules can move more easily than larger ones. After a while, the molecules are separated by size.…

Phase Diagram and Phase Transformation Fig. 1 shows (FCC) Nickel-(BCC) Chromium binary phase diagram. The eutectic reaction takes place at 1345°C and the composition is 51% Cr and 49% Ni. The solid solubility of Cr in Ni is extensive which is evident from the phase diagram. Phase transformations of two Ni-Cr alloys are explained below. One is Ni40Cr60 (Line 2) which is closer to eutectic composition and contains greater % Cr and the other alloy is Ni68Cr32 (Line 1) which contains greater % Ni.…

The Atomic Theory states that all matter is composed of discrete units called atoms. The Atomic Theory started in about 400 BCE with a scientist by the name of Democritus. Democritus proposed the idea of the existence of an ultimate particle. He called this particle atomos when he was describing it, because the particle was too small to cut. Next, we get to Leucippus. Leucippus was the man who founded atomism, which is a theoretical approach that states nature consists of two principles, which…