Angiotensin

Genes act as codes to produce proteins, which can affect a person’s athletic ability. According to research, an athlete’s genes can influence 20-80% of their performance. Athletic performance has a significant association with ACTN-3 genotype. It produces the protein α-actinin-3 that is found in in fast-twitch muscle fibres which are responsible for generating force for high-velocity movement. Yang et al. hypothesize that α-actinin-3 can influence sprint and power activities by “promoting…

We try to hide from it, we try not to talk about it, we can spend more than one third of our life dealing with it, its Menopause. Menopause a nasty little word that many of us women try to run from. This is the time in a women’s life that is marked by the end of her ability to reproduce. This life change can be hard for many women due to the fact that they can no longer reproduce, but more importantly the ovaries no longer release the high levels of estrogen that our bodies need to function…

(Bisoprolol), Atenolol b) ACE (Angiotensin Converting Enzyme) Inhibitors: This medication works by reducing workload of the heart by reducing the amount of resistance it has to pump against. It also helps the heart empty as it dilates the blood vessels resulting in lower blood pressure. Common examples of ACE inhibitors: Zestril (lisinopril), Vasotec (enalapril), Captopril (captopen), Altace (Ramipril), Coversyl (perindopril), Mavik (trandolapril). c) Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (ARBS): It…

American population is aging; today there are 38 million people 65 years of age or older, with the number projected to double by 2030 ( ). Epidemiological studies have shown that cholesterol levels, diabetes, hypertension, sedentary life and genetics as the main risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. However, advance aging unequivocally confers the major risks. Cardiovascular disease refers to a range of diseases that affect the heart and the blood vessels. Among the common ones are…

Coronary risk factors and risk of diabetic cardiovascular complications: Diabetes usually occurs among elderly as part of metabolic syndrome, which includes abdominal obesity, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and all these factors can act to promote diabetic complications so aggressive treatment of diabetes and associated coronary risk factors is recommended to prevent diabetic complications (Fowler 2008) (Boyle 2007). The main cause of death in diabetic patients is cardiovascular complications…

Angiotensin II receptor blockers such as Diovan and digitalis such as digoxin could be useful. Pacemakers through invasive procedures also will be of help in stabilizing the heart, as it can only improve the existence and not the quality of life (Quaglietti…

denies a history of heartburn or known gastroesophageal reflux. He has never smoked and has had no prior lung problems. His past medical history is notable for hypertension, and he is currently being treated with a beta blocker but not with an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. On physical examination, his blood pressure is 155/88 in his right arm sitting. Examination of the head, eyes, ears, nose, and throat shows some clear nasal discharge but no sinus tenderness. His chest…

1.1 Background Atrial fibrillation (AF) is responsible for significantly increased morbidity and mortality, worsened New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class, and impaired quality of life in the general population [1]. For instance, data from the longitudinal population-based Framingham Heart Study suggest that AF is solely associated with a threefold to fivefold increased risk of stroke [2] and with an approximately twofold increased risk for mortality [3]. The ischemic strokes due to…

What are the patients problems? Dr. Alley is currently suffering from Hypertension (HBP) which is when the pressure of blood is stained against the arterial walls. Due to the fact that Dr. Alley has stopped taking his medication, this has caused long-term affliction to his heart. The doctor has also been experiencing dyspnea (difficulty breathing ). This can be a warning of a condition to his heart or lungs. Recently the doctor has also been affected by oppressive epistaxis known as a…

Chronic Kidney Disease is also known as Chronic Kidney Failure. This diagnosis describes a set of renal-degenerative symptoms and stages that eventually lead to dialysis, kidney transplant, and/or death. What makes chronic kidney disease so dangerous is its innocuity. Its early symptoms are often nonspecific and can appear to be from other illnesses. Usually, by the time the kidney damage is noticed due to loss of function, it is irreversible. Due to advancing medical technology, improved…