Anemia

Pseudomelanosis gastri and duodeni is a rare endoscopic mucosal finding, characterized by the accumulation of iron in macrophages of the lamina propria of the stomach and duodenum. The clinical significance and long term sequelae have not been clarified. However, this benign condition is associated with a variety of clinical conditions, such as essential hypertension, chronic renal failure, diabetes mellitus, long term intake of iron supplements and furosemide. Pseudomelanosis duodeni appears to…

disorders are not a result of a mutation in one gene or a change in the chromosome, rather they result from “a complex interplay of mutated genes and the environment”. Genetic disorders are the cause of genetic diseases like sickle cell anemia. Sickle cell anemia is a severe hereditary disease in which “a mutated form of hemoglobin distorts the red blood cells into a crescent shape at low oxygen levels.” Sickle cell disease is a result of a single nucleotide change in the DNA sequence of…

Sickle Cell Disorder [ICD-10 D57] Sickle Cell Disorder (SCD) may be one cause to this child’s previously listed symptoms. SCD is an inherited disease in which an abnormal hemoglobin S [HbS] leads to chronic hemolytic anemia, pain, and organ failure (Grossman & Porth, 2014). SCD is transmitted by a recessive gene and can manifest as a sickle cell trait or sickle cell disease. The sickle cell trait may manifest as a heterozygote with one HbS gene [HbS], and SCD may manifest as a homozygote with…

Three diseases discussed in Survival of the Sickest are hemochromatosis, diabetes, and favism. Hemochromatosis is an intriguing, rare disease, and was a cause of Dr. Sharon Moalem’s pursuit in becoming a scientist and a physician in the first place. It was both interesting and important to learn about hemochromatosis, since it was a disease about iron; which so many people believe that more is better. However, in Survival of the Sickest, it’s proven that like everything else, too much of…

Gastric sleeve surgery has been around for years and has quickly become a common weight loss surgery technique. Gastric sleeve procedure is also known by other names like Sleeve Gastroplasty, Vertical Sleeve Gastrectomy, Vertical gastroplasty, Gastric Reduction, Greater Curvature Gastrectomy and Parietal Gastrectomy. For patients with a higher BMI, bariatric surgeons would usually recommend gastric sleeve surgery as this is a minimal risk procedure that can be performed laparoscopically.…

Canine Renal Dysplasia An autosomal-dominant disease characterized by delayed maturation of renal tissue. This leads to renal degeneration, protein-losing nephropathy and prolonged renal disease. A genetic predisposition is seen in the Bull terrier, Carin terrier and German Shepherd. Early onset of the disease is rare and is typically seen over the age of 5. The penetrance of Renal Dysplasia is low and small percentages are clinically affected. The percentage of fetal glomeruli…

Gastric Polyps A gastric polyp, also called a stomach polyp, is a growth on the lining of the stomach. Most polyps are not dangerous, but some can be harmful because of their size, location, or type. Polyps that can become harmful include: Large polyps. These can turn into sores (ulcers). Polyps that cause a blockage. A kind of polyp called an adenoma. This type of polyp can become cancerous. CAUSES Gastric polyps form when the lining of the stomach gets inflamed or damaged.…

Overview Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma is any cancer that begins within the lymphatic system. Normally old white blood cells, called lymphocytes, die while new ones are produced. In non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, old cells instead multiply and divide. The body starts to accumulate large numbers of these abnormal cells, and this often leads to the formation of tumors. There are various types of this condition, including diffuse large and marginal B-cell lymphomas, follicular lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic…

A combination of asbestos exposure and smoking can increase a person's likelihood of getting the mesothelioma but smoking on its own has not been show to cause the disease. Symptoms of mesothelioma can include coughing, blood clotting problems, anemia, fever, general pain, shortness of breath, pain in the chest, weight…

•Hydatidiform mole also known as molar pregnancy, a benign tumor that develops in the uterus. A molar pregnancy starts when an egg is fertilized, but instead of a normal, viable pregnancy resulting. The placenta develops into an abnormal mass of cysts. •The cause of a hydatidiform mole is from a low protein intake. Contributing factors of molar pregnancy are caused by an abnormally fertilized egg. Risk factors that are associated with molar pregnancy are maternal age, more likely a woman older…