Ancient Greek philosophers

Justice in Plato's Republic In Plato’s The Republic, he unravels the definition of justice. Plato believed that a ruler could not be wholly just unless one was in a society that was also just. Plato did not believe in democracy, because it was democracy that killed Socrates, his beloved teacher who was a just man and a philosopher. He believed in Guardians, or philosophers/rulers that ruled the state. One must examine what it means for a state to be just and what it means for a person to be just to truly understand the meaning of justice. According to Socrates, “…if we first tried to observe justice in some larger thing that possessed it, this would make it easier to observe in a single individual. We agreed that this larger thing is a city…(Plato 96).” It is evident, therefore, that the state and the ruler described in The Republic by Plato are clearly parallel to one another. There are three classes in the state and three parts of the mind in the ruler. The three classes of the state are the rulers, the soldiers, and the craftsmen. The three parts of the mind are the rational or reason part, the irrational appetitive part, and the spirited part. The rational corresponds to the rulers, the appetitive corresponds to the craftsmen, and the spirited corresponds to the soldiers. Socrates then explains how the four virtues, wisdom, courage, moderation/self-control, and justice play the same roles in a person as in a state. The rational…

Economic Revolution In the world of economics, the market system is one of three ways to protect a society from calamity, but it is also a symbol of change. The Worldly Philosophers by Robert L. Heilbroner explains how the world went through an economic revolution in order to have a working market system exist and “it…was not a peaceful evolution; it was an agonizing convulsion of society, a revolution.” (1) Heilbroner’s book The Worldly Philosophers also explains the paradigm shifts of past…

He walked around with a lamp during the daytime looking for an honest man to talk to. Because of our amendments, Diogenes would not get into trouble for being himself. He would be upset of not being able to live of the land because of our modern society. Most of the forests and lands are privately owned, so it would be hard for him to be self-sufficient without trespassing and getting into trouble. He lived a simple life and believes in not owning anything, while sleeping in some kind of a round…

the soul there is the part 'spirit ' that cares about honour, loyalty and courage. The group of people who really show a clear emphasize on this part in their soul become 'auxiliaries ' to assist the supreme ruler and to guard the state. At last the ideal ruler of the soul is 'rationality ', and similarly in the state the 'philosopher king ' ,who is the most capable of the job and the most caring of the people. The analogy works to define justice in a state, but fails to explain justice in…

In this day and age, it is all too easy to view nature through the megapixels of a photo on an iPhone, or have over one hundred million images of any animal or plant appear in less than a second via Google Images. It is an astonishing accomplishment in technology, and its attributes to human welfare cannot be dismissed, but it does have its faults. Subsequently, these faults reflect concepts that philosophers have conferred for centuries. Many philosophers believe that technology, along with…

Intro: Women were never invisible in the Enlightenment, but their participation was constrained by gender (Carr 2014; 73) This essay will be an analysis of chapter 5 Animadversions of Some of the Writers Who Have Rendered Women Objects of Pity, Bordering on Contempt of Mary Wollstonecraft’s A vindication of the Rights of Woman. Chapter 5 is Wollstonecraft’s analysis and arguments against the opinions of Enlightenment philosophers surrounding the female character and education. Chapter 5 will…

Values of loyalty and intelligence were significant ideals embedded into Penelope’s character however, adaptions challenge these concepts. For instance, values of intelligence are shown through how Penelope cunningly evades marriage since Antinous (Book 2) states she had misled the suitors for four years, promising marriage to one of the suitors without the intention of marrying them. Despite her deception, she is still accepted as a good wife since Penelope capitulates to a passive hospitable…

Despite nearly 2000 years separating the creation of Polykleitos’s Doryphoros and Donatello’s David, the two sculptures shared astonishingly similar features, yet both remained true to the stylistic characteristics of their respective time periods. These artists incorporated both predictable and cutting edge ideas into their works. Doryphoros, also known as the Spear Bearer, was a marble reinvention of Polykleitos’s original bronze sculpture circa 450 - 440 BCE. Most ancient Greek statues were…

In 370 B.C.E, Hippocrates came up with a theory called the Four Humors (made up of sanguine, melancholic, choleric and phlegmatic) believing that our personalities are influenced by humoral balances. Truth be told, what we see when we are young is how we believe that is the way we should be like. Back then, an Ancient Greek named Plato proposed four groupings (artistic, sensible, intuitive, and reasoning) and Aristotle hypothesized four factors (iconic i.e. artistic, pistic i.e. common-sense,…

They gave the godly figure power and from that humans eliminated the need to take responsibility for the events of their lives upon themselves. The hierarchy of Olympus, the home of the gods, is modeled after the Greek system in terms of who has the most power and what that possession of power allows them to do. The line of authority in Olympus is based on power which in the Greek society is equated with physical and supernatural strength. Therefore, it is the strongest god, Zeus, who rules over…