Anatomical pathology

Medical simulation in the past According to any dictionary, simulation is defined as the representation of a process or a system. As far as medical simulation is concerned, it was utilized even in ancient times as it is revealed by the discovery of human figures made of stone and clay which are dated back to Antiquity and illustrate the clinical characteristics of some diseases. In the 17th century, legislation permitted the performance of necrotomies in order for medical students and doctors…

VPL 120 has really shed light on the extent of the diversity of the veterinary profession. The vet profession includes small animal vet, large animal vet, exotics vet, pathologists and one can also get into veterinary research, wildlife and game and animal welfare. Many of these mentioned professions can allow you to also get into private practice. All mentioned veterinarians also play a huge role in the successfulness of the human-animal bond. Small animal veterinarians are not only expected to…

other inflammatory conditions. B. Pathophysiology – This pathology is the inflammation of the pericardium of the heart. This inflammation causes narrowing of the pericardial space, which may also cause scarring. If left untreated this may lead to pericardial effusion, which is when pericardial space fills with fluid that puts pressure on cardiac muscle, which causes cardiac dysfunction. In chronic pericarditis it has to do more with anatomical restriction of the heart due to adhesions between…

By Jonas Wilson, Ing. Med. Vesicoureteral Reflux Epidemiology The backward flow of urine from the bladder to the ureters is referred to as vesicoureteral reflux. Signs and symptoms, depending on the age of the child, vary. Parents may notice a failure to thrive in their infants as well as anorexia, vomiting, diarrhea and lethargy that may or may not be accompanied by fever. Older children may complain about a vague abdominal pain and present with symptoms of a urinary tract infection (UTI).…

In this article, different subtalar joint positioning during gastrocnemius stretching was investigated to conclude wether or not the position of the subtalar joint had significant effect on dorsiflexion ROM. . Patients with ankle oversee injuries, and patients with limited dorsiflexion ROM, are often prescribed stretches for the gastrocnemius calf muscle as part of their rehab program. (JAT, NATA). The idea behind this is that the tight calf muscles may have an negative effect on reaching…

altering the normal anatomic layout of a structure and using involves the elongation or foreshortening of a structure. The direction and degree of angulation directly influence the amount of shape distortion seen on a radiograph. Alignment of the anatomical part can also affect the…

Comparison of 3 dimensional sonohysterography versus hysteroscopy in Premenopausal women with abnormal uterine bleeding Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Ultrasound and Fetal care unit*, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt. ABSTRACT Objectives: To compare between the diagnostic accuracy of 3D sonohysterography and hysteroscopy in detection of intracavitary uterine abnormalities in premenopausal women with abnormal uterine bleeding. Patients & Methods: In this study fifty female patients…

INTRODUCTION: BACKGROUND: The first evidence of animal testing dates back to ancient times, where scientists studied the anatomical structures of deceased subjects (Scutti). Living animals were experimented on by Greek physician-scientists and used to examine nerves and tendons (Scutti). In Rome, during the 2nd century, a physician named Galen of Pergamum practiced anatomy, physiology, pathology and pharmacology on animals (Scutti). He was the first to describe the cardio-pulmonary system, and…

ego, and superego, as well as self-representations, or schemas, which both cognitive and some psychodynamic theorists and researchers emphasize (Segal & Blatt, 1993). De Sedibus was a remarkable achievement in that it firmly established Galen’s “anatomical concept of disease.” An 18th century physician using De Sedibus to treat a patient could use the index to look up his patient’s symptoms, which could be cross-referenced to a list of pathological processes that may be…

According to Drescher (2009), there are three general typologies that describe etiological theories of homosexuality: theories of normal variation that treat homosexuality as a normal variation of human sexuality, theories of pathology that treat homosexuality as a disorder that deviates from normal heterosexual development, and theories of immaturity that regard homosexual behavior as a step towards the development of a “normal” heterosexual identity. DSM-III dropped both the…