Analytical chemistry

Limiting reactants occur in a reaction when one of the reactants runs out and there is excess of another reactant. It is important to understand limiting reactants because it allows us to adjust the amount of chemicals we need to create a product without having excess chemicals. On October 5, 2017, we completed a lab in which we determined which chemical was the limiting reactant in a reaction by adding each chemical to the excess chemical and observing which formed a precipitate. II. Data,…

regular tap water, this is because tap water could itself contains many unwanted impurities such salts, other solids and bacteria. If these were to contaminate the solutions to be used it would create a margin of error in your results. In analytic chemistry there are four main pieces of glassware used which must be cleaned carefully and appropriate Burette The burette is to first be cleaned with deionised water, this is to remove and contaminants…

The purpose of this lab was to use NMR, Recrystallization, TLC, and Melting point to separate and identify the components of a given unknown mixture. The first step of the experiment was to use the two NMR spectra given to identify the major and minor components of the unknown mixture. When an external magnetic field is applied, there is a quantized interaction between the magnetic field itself and the magnetic moment of the proton. Thus, the magnetic moment of the proton either applies with or…

The purpose of this lab was to find the acceleration of a toy car and create graphs to display this acceleration. These graphs will then be compared to graphs of what is expected for perfect constant acceleration. In order to find the acceleration of the toy car, a strip of ticker tape was attached to one of those toy cars that you pull back and move once your hand releases the car. After attaching the ticker tape and feeding the tape through the spark timer, the timer was turned and the car…

Today in lab we worked/talked about DNA. DNA is molecules called nucleotides. What is the main purpose of DNA ? The main role of DNA in the cell is the long-term storage of information. Where is the DNA found in the body ? Most DNA is located in the cell nucleus. Okay so in lab, we did an experience. We used A Heavy duty ziploc bag, 1 strawberry [including the stem], 10 mL DNA extractions buffer [ soapy, salty water], Cheesecloth, Funnel, 50mL vial/ test tube, Glass rod, Inoculating loop, or…

A range of concentrations (1nM to 30μM) of acetylcholine (Ach) and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) was administered to organ bath containing rat ileum. Ach and 5-HT induced contractions from 3nM (Fig. 1) and 10nM (Fig. 2) onwards respectively, both generating a shallow slope at the beginning of the concentration-response curve. EC50 of Ach is 7.47 x 10-7M whereas EC50 of 5-HT is 7.97 x 10-7M. The contraction generated by Ach and 5-HT was expressed in % Emax. As shown in Fig. 1 and 2, % Emax…

In experiment 1.1, we studied the relationship molecule size has with diffusion rate. Our hypothesis claimed that smaller molecules will travel farther across the agar plate given the same duration of time. Based on the data collected, our hypothesis was proven true. Potassium permanganate has a molar mass of 158 g/mol, methylene blue 319.85 g/mol, and potassium dichromate with 294.185 g/mol. Potassium permanganate diffused the farthest, potassium dichromate second, and methylene blue secured…

As long as I can remember I have always had a passion for science. I have always been curious about the why and how of things, and have been fascinated with exploring all there is to know about the Earth. Science is such a complex subject, with many different areas and fields of study, there is always more to learn. When I was younger I remember being excited to join my first Science Olympiad team, and have the opportunity to aggrandize my knowledge about the different fields of science in a…

Michael Gugliotta 9/29/14 Chemistry Period 8 Title: Observations of a Candle Research Question: Observations are needed to explain the physical world. Introduction: Candles are very useful in science and society. They help provide…

Abstract:- The experiment illustrates the relationship between the limiting reagent and the amount of product produced as a result of a chemical reaction. The chemical reaction was carried out by mixing the solution of Na2CO3 and CaCl2 and the precipitates of CaCO3 were obtained as a product. The experiment was carried out in 4 trials in order to determine the limiting reagent and the actual yield of the product obtained. In the first three trials, Calcium Chloride was the limiting reagent and…