Amperometric titration

The purpose of this lab was to perform reduction of ketones by reducing 4-t-butylcyclohexanone with sodium borohydride (NaBH4) to form 4-t-butylcyclohexanol. At the end of this experiment, the infrared spectroscopy was obtain for the final product, 4-t-butylcyclohexanol. The IR graph showed the presence of the desired product, and it also showed if the reaction went to completion or not. In addition, the mass of the final product was obtained to determine the percent yield. To a 5mL conical…

Do mole ratios affect the amount of reactant that is produced? This experiment tested why mixing reactants in different mole ratios affected the amount of the product and the amount of each reactant that is left over. To solve the problem, the lab contained reacting sodium bicarbonate(baking soda) and acetic acid(vinegar) in different ratios and seeing if the product changed. The data suggests that the higher ratio of baking soda to vinegar creates the most product. For the ratio…

In this lab we wanted to identify what the four mystery liquids were using density and their characteristic properties. We were initially given four liquids that were labelled numbers 1- 4, some graduated cylinders, and a scale, but we also knew that the 4 liquids were ethanol, vegetable oil, water, and cyclohexane. Using the mass that we found when we measured the liquid and using only 10 mL of the liquids we were able to calculate the density and easily identify the liquids and see if they…

How can we differentiate acids and bases? How do we know if a substance is an acid or a base? There are different methods to discover whether a substance is an acid or a base. One of the methods is by using an acid-base indicator or by identifying hydrogen or hydroxide ions in a substance’s chemical formula. Certain materials such as a plastic template, red litmus paper, blue litmus paper, phenolphthalein, universal indicator, and a pH chart can be used to help us distinguish acids and bases.…

Introduction The Objective was to determine the mass percent composition of the mixture using a chemical reaction and stoichiometry mixture Na2CO3 and NaHCO3. To do the lab by using the constant mass. Constant mass is a quantitative chemistry technique where a single chemical species or group reactants is heated with constant weighing until the mass does not change. After heated the Na2HCO3 will undergo a decomposition and Na2CO3 will not undergo reaction. The balanced equation is…

measuring 8.3 milliliters of the chemical. Then, pour the chemical in a beaker and fill the beaker with 250 milliliters of distilled water. This will give the students 1 mole of hydrochloric acid ad 1 mole of sodium hydroxide. When it comes to the titration, the students first have to clean the burette with distilled water. Then, the burette is…

Benzimidazole and its derivatives were synthesized according to the reported literature (Wagner EC et al., 1943). The compounds are benzimidazole ;1-(4-((1H-benzimidazol-1-yl) methylamino) phenyl) ethanone; 2-butyl-1H-benzimidazole; 2-methyl-1H-benzimidazole. The stock solutions are prepared by dissolving the compound in DMSO. Antimicrobial activity was tested by the disc-diffusion method under standard conditions using Mueller-Hinton Agar (MHA) and the antibiotics used as listed below, Table…

Interpretation and Evaluation: Rinsing Process: When performing a volumetric analysis all equipment to be used must be washed with deionised water. This is done in order to remove anything that contaminate your solution and have an effect on the results. It is important that deionised water is used and not regular tap water, this is because tap water could itself contains many unwanted impurities such salts, other solids and bacteria. If these were to contaminate the solutions to be used it…

In this experiment my partner and I will set up a chemical system arrangement in order to determine the effectiveness of neutralizing of a commercial antacid, per gram. When the arrangement is set we will test the different variations of the experiment, for example during step A we will be my partner and I will be determining the mass of the antacid and preparing the antacid for analysis. For step C my partner and I will be using what we have recorded in order to complete the calculations.…

neutralized solution was titrated with 0.1M NaOH till the end point was reached. The volume of 0.1M NaOH used in the final titration was used to calculate DM as follows: DM(%)=(Normality of alkali*Volume of alkali (mL)*31*100)/(mass of sample (mg)) Where normality of alkali was 0.1N, 31represent molar mass of methoxyl group, and volume of alkali is the final volume of NaOH used in the titration. GalA content was calculated according to the formula below:…