Amino acid

In the world of biology macromolecules are the basis of all life. The four main biological macromolecules are carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids. Carbohydrates contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, as well as provide a means for energy and cell support in plants. .( Parsi et al, 2016) They can be further categorized by the subtitles monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides. Since monosaccharides are monomers and thus simple sugars, as monomers are added to the chain…

Alkaline phosphatase (AP) is a homodimeric enzyme complex that is commonly found in a wide range of organisms, from bacteria to all tissues of the human body. AP is a zinc metalloenzyme (1), in which metal ions play a key role in the regulation of catalytic activities and stabilization of enzyme-substrate complex. As proposed by Gettins and Coleman using NMR studies (10), each active site of AP comprises of three metal binding sites, which acknowledged as M1, M2, and M3. Two zinc ions bind to…

Abstract Bacteriorhodopsin is located in the plasma membrane of Halobacterium halobium, where it acts as a proton-pump, transporting protons out of the cell. Since its discovery in 1979, much research has been done on Bacteriorhodopsin and there have been many advancements in our knowledge. Firstly, on its structure and function and secondly, on the conformational changes it undergoes during retinal isomerisation. Introduction Bacteriorhodopsin is a globular protein, (Henderson, 1975) which…

proteins. tRNA and mRNA sequences interact through codons and anticodons and tRNA is what brings amino acids for the use of the ribosomes in translation; therefore, amono acids continue to be made as long as there is availability of resources until a stop codon is hit which is what stops the translation. Different types of amino acids are made for different things; therefore, naturally, these types of amino acids must be made through the process of translation. Through the use of a simple chart…

describe two groups of proteins and give some examples. Proteins (also called polypeptides, peptides or amino acids) are large polymers and main components of cells. They are produced by condensation reaction from amino acid monomers, therefore proteins are called condensation polymers. Each protein is formed by a unique sequence of 20 naturally occurring amino acids. However, not all the amino acids need to be find in one protein. Some can be found many times and some are not used at all.…

basic information about what BCAA is and what it does. The brand I use is called Xtend . What is BCAA? BCAA stands for Branched-Chain Amino Acids , meaning branched chain amino acids. Protein (eg protein in your muscles) is made up of amino acids. There are many different amino acids, and particular BCAA includes: Leucine Isoleucine Valine These three amino acids are essential . This means that they are essential to life and the body can not create them yourself, but you have to get them in…

Protein give 4 calories per gram. The body can utilize protein calories with 3 way; accumulate protein in fat stores, consume it as an energy or utilize it to fulfill functions essential to life. Calories from protein will be used as an source of energy when the body is missing fat or carbohydrate calories for fuel. When the body get sufficient quantities of proteins, fats, and carbs, protein will accomplish its specific functions. These proteins functions include replacing of old cells,…

1998b). They are often present in much higher concentrations in enzyme hydrolysates and have been correlated to beany off-odours described in numerous literature. Solina et al. (2005) compared the volatile components of soy protein isolate (SPI) and acid-hydrolysed soy protein and concluded that the significantly higher lipid content of SPI was responsible for green or beany odours attributed to high levels of aliphatic aldehydes and ketones. The formation of undesirable lipid-derived products…

2014 Lysyl-tRNA Synthetase Lysyl-tRNA Synthetase has a couple known names, one of them being aminocyl tRNA. The major role of this protein is translation during protein synthesis. For a protein to be classified and placed into an amino acid group, its amino acid sequence must be properly translated. Transfer RNA helps translate the protein which helps with genetics. Aminoacyl tRNA synthetases are the enzymes that are responsible for the specific aminoacylation of tRNA (Yifat, 2013). Let’s…

properties of amino acids, the components used to create proteins, vary as determined by their r-group; some r-groups are hydrophobic while others are hydrophilic. Engleman’s and Kyte and Doolittle’s scales quantify the degree of this hydrophobicity. Through this experiment the experimenters hoped to gain an understanding of the correlation between Engleman’s and Kyte and Doolittle’s values and solubility, or the amount of amino acid dissolved, as well as how hydrogen bonds affect solubility of…