Amide

The resistive component of analysis can also be modeled as a spring in which the spring constant is positively correlated to the force applied to the spring: F= kx, where k = f(x)*Fimpact. The force of impact would mostly dissipate through the springs, and the specific behavior of the springs can be modeled in later stages. The component of force that needs to be looked at primarily is the x component, since this is the component of the force that would produce the most torque on collision.…

requiring hard, resistant, durable materials, be it canoe racing or aerospace. Amides are chemical compounds in which part of an organic acid replaces one of the hydrogen atoms in ammonia. Polyamides are made by taking an ammonia-like chemical and reacting it with an organic acid. Polyamides like Kevlar, are polymers. Polymers are huge molecules made of many matching parts joined together in long chains and repeating amides over and over again. Why is Kevlar important? To answer that question,…

frequencies of (OH) of either water or methanol molecules associated with the complexes which are also confirmed from elemental analysis. 4) Amide II, (NH), occurs at 1528 cm-1 in the free ligand are shifted to lower frequencies in the range 1530-1523 cm-1, except in the case of Cd(II), Fe(III) and Cr(III) which appear at higher frequencies at 1549-1537 cm-1. Amide III (C-N) occurs at 1324 cm-1 in the free ligand while in the metal complexes appeared at the same range 1313-1336 cm-1. This…

Introduction Determination of bone mineral density helps in assessing bone quality. For instance, loss of bone mass which is obtained clinically as the change in BDM (bone mineral density) aids in determining bone fragility (Paschalis, 2009). Though, bone mineral density cannot be used alone to indicate that someone will suffer from bone fracture since there is the difference in BDM between the populations. Some people in a particular community develop bone fracture while others do not. Some…

Carbonyl compounds are the compounds the contain C=O group which is called carbonyl group (double bond oxygen to a carbon). There are many types of carbonyl compounds such as aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, esters, amides etc. Aldehydes and ketones are the oxidation products of alcohols. Depending on the alcohol’s structure, the product obtained will be different. Primary alcohols have one carbon and two hydrogen atoms attached will produce aldehyde and then to carboxylic acid in two…

This writing presents the structure of proteins, their importance for life and processes under which they are made. It will also describe two groups of proteins and give some examples. Proteins (also called polypeptides, peptides or amino acids) are large polymers and main components of cells. They are produced by condensation reaction from amino acid monomers, therefore proteins are called condensation polymers. Each protein is formed by a unique sequence of 20 naturally occurring amino…

them, so they should be provided by eating healthy. A polypeptide chain is a chain of amino-linked together by peptide bonds. The foundation of the polypeptide is given by the repeated sequence of three atoms of every deposit in the chain: the amide N, the alpha-Carbon , and the Carbonyl C. the rotations in the chain occur about the bonds in the back bond , where as the peptide bond ordinarily is unflexible . The presence of an amino gathering…

Emulsions are two-phase systems, a mixture of two or more liquids that are normally immiscible. There are two phases in the system, in which one is the continuous phase and the other one is the dispersed phase. Types of emulsions [38] Oil in water (o/w): in which oil is the dispersed phase and water is the continuous phase. Water in oil (w/o): in which water is the dispersed phase and oil is the continuous phase. Emulsions have a cloudy or opaque appearance because particles scatter light…

that it is put on and it can be used with local and tropical anesthesia. Tropical comes in a spray, gel, ointment, liquid, and patch form. Local anesthesia is injected near a nerve where the treatment will take place. It comes in two chemical groups: amides and esters. It causes numbing while the dentist works on the patient. General anesthesia causes loss of protective reflexes and including the ability to maintain an airway independently and to respond appropriately to physical stimulation or…

In the first step of the experiment, m-toluic acid reacted with thionyl chloride to form the acid chloride derivative of m-toluic acid. In this reaction, the carboxylic acid is first converted into an acyl chlorosulfite intermediate, replacing the –OH of the acid with a better leaving group. The acyl chlorosulfite then reacts with a nucleophilic chloride ion, at which point the chlorosulfite leaves in the form of sulfur dioxide and chloride ion. The remaining acid chloride then reacts with…