American women

African American women for more than a century have been contributors in higher education. However, rarely are they mentioned in research literature. Hardly ever is racism and sexism addressed in higher education. The research literature focus has primarily been on faculty and students not African American women in higher education. According to Edwards (1997) an assessment of research literature reveals that limited quantity of studies are accessible that focus on African American women…

over and over among the words (Erdrich, 1988, p. 26). After beating a few men in a game of poker, character Fleur Pillager is physically and sexually assaulted. Violence against Native American women does not only exist on the written page. However, because of the lack of knowledge and inclusion of Native Americans in mainstream society, many are unaware of the struggles Natives encounter daily. Though it began hundreds of years ago, Native people are still experiencing the vehement effects of…

The comparison between African-American and white women, all poor and working class, speaks to recent criticisms within feminist scholarship, where Elizabeth Spelman, bell hooks, Barbara Christian, and others point to a distinctly white middle-class bias. Work within recent years by white women and women of color has attempted to open up feminist thought to the perspectives and practices of those who the black man and subsequent police behavior. As Spelman argued a number of years ago,…

Throughout history, it is a known fact that Native Americans were the first inhabitants of this land we call, America. Since, 1492 when Christopher Columbus who said, that the Americas were the lands of the Indies, called them Indians instead. The Native Americans were seen as “children”, savages, etc by the “white men” (British, French,etc). From the late 16th to the late 19th century, the population of Native Americans decreased from several causes such as: Being exposed to new diseases from…

For women racial differences have been seen to be a major risk factor for anxiety, the impact of which can vary widely( Gazmararian et al, 1995) reported african american women have higher rates of depression and anxiety compared to white women whereas (Kessler et al, 2005) reported lower rates of anxiety and depression among African American women. spirituality is an important component of african american culture (staton-tindall, 2013) which tend to improve coping skills and social support,…

Britton, L. M. (2013). African American Women in Higher Education: Challenges Endures and Strategies Employed to Secure a Community College Presidency. National Louis University. Chicago, Illinois. In this study, the researcher selected four community college presidents (three were sitting presidents and one was president before immediately being appointed as chancellor). They were located in various areas: (a) urban, (b) close to multi-campus community college districts, and (c) the Midwest.…

As an African American female, there is a constant battle with being able to feel as if you are enough. Society makes black women feel as if her skin is not beautiful, as if God did not take his time creating her melanin and the course of her hair. They label us as loud, aggressive and incompetent. On the other hand, you have people that look just like you, who fight the same battle as you against the world, and they make you feel as if you are not worthy either. Therefore, I’m left with the…

When Thomas Jefferson penned the Declaration of Independence, he excluded two hugely important groups to the US’s success: African-Americans and women. Throughout history, both groups have been degraded and abused, and have had to fight for the equal liberty and freedom that was handed to white males in 1776. Ralph Ellison’s Invisible Man criticizes the mistreatment of and divisions within the black community, but in comparison presents and appears to accept the female characters as holding only…

had participated as significant forces. These people were women and African-American. They were served as special volunteers and troops to support the government armies in both the North and the South. The northern and southern women were served as volunteers for the armies during the period of the Civil War. A huge number of women found the ways to participate and contribute to the war effort. Some women, which were…

and businesses to guy fight in the war. Women from both the north and south were forced to take over jobs they never were once allowed to before. When the Emancipation Proclamation took place it led to African Americans men being able to be enrolled as Union soldiers. Both women and slaves were facing so many changes all at once. All types of African American men enlisted, even free slaves. By the end of the war there were over 190,000 African American soldiers. Even though the Africans had…