American Psychological Association

During the 1980’s, the general public started to realize the magnitude of the problem of child abuse. In fact, researchers claimed that this issue threatens the safety and the balance of the whole world. According to a study from the American Psychological association (2013), nearly 2 million children are forced to try different forms of maltreatment annually. Physical or emotional abuse in children could be defined as behaviors, the action of parents towards their children, or any significant…

The Hidden Problem of Elder Abuse According to the American Psychological Association (n.d), every year, it is estimated that close to 4 million elderly Americans have been subjected to some type of physical, emotional, psychological and sexual abuse. Many have also been victims of neglect or exploitation by someone they depended on for care. These are just estimates because currently there are no official statistics; the last official report was published in 2005 by the National Center on…

accendental consequence of zero tolerance policies is that students who break school regulations and who are therefore punished sternly with suspensions or expulsion may be at a greater risk for having juvenile justice system contact ( American Psychological Association Zero Tolerance Task Force, 2008).…

What is Post Traumatic Stress Disorder? “According to the American Psychiatric Association, Post-traumatic stress disorder is known to be an anxiety disorder that resulted from a particular tragic or terrifying incident stimulating major stress. Individual with PTSD normally have constant frightening thoughts & memories of their past encounters, this makes them emotionally numb to their close relatives or friends. PTSD knows no age limit or barrier, it can happen at any age. This disorder…

attachment, emotional, spiritual development and the list can go on. The first thing that must be understood is what is trauma and what does it look like to a child? Trauma is an event that occurs abruptly and harmful. According to American Psychological Association (2015), “Trauma is an emotional response to a terrible event like an accident, rape or natural disaster.” Looking at a trauma for a child can look and be different depending on the traumatic event. “A traumatic event is one that…

nose.” (Tim O’Brien, 63). This quote about Jensen reveals that P.T.S.D. made him lose control of his thoughts and made him have extreme anxiety over what Lee Strunk might do to him in an act of revenge for breaking his nose. The Journal of American Medical Association states that “Hyperarousal—feeling “on guard” or irritable...having sudden outbursts of anger” (JAMA, What is P.T.S.D.). This medical research quote explains that it is common for people suffering from P.T.S.D. to produce burst of…

with a mental disorder can experience the phenomenon of psychological stress (Dyson, 1997; Manning, Wainwright, & Bennett, 2011; McStay & Trembath, 2014; Paynter, Riley, Beamish, Davies, & Milford, 2013; Wolf, Noh, Fisman, & Speechly, 1989). A mental disorder is an impairment in psychological or behavioural tendencies, which may cause a person to show disruptive, violent or harmful behaviour to themselves or others (American Psychiatric Association Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-IV),…

Stress is a common occurrence in everyday life and is experienced by all ages. An event that creates psychological turmoil and potentially overwhelms a person, ultimately ceasing their ability to cope or feel in control, is described as trauma. A child’s response to trauma is linked to their stress level following the experience. Harvard University has identified three types of stress: positive, tolerable, and toxic stress (Harvard, 2012). Positive stress refers to the everyday stressors one may…

835,000 men are assaulted by their intimate partner annually in the United States (American Bar Association, 2016). African Americans were victimized by their intimate partner at a significantly higher rate than individuals from any other race. In fact, black women experience domestic violence at a rate of 35% higher than that of white females, and 22 times the rate of women of other races (American Bar Association, 2016). Finally, women living in poverty have a higher rate of experiencing…

from the battlefields in Iraq and Afghanistan many soldiers have to deal with this condition on a daily basis. I think that is important that the general population understand how this disorder affects members of the United States Military and that Americans understand the true cost of our freedom. I have family members that served two or more terms in the middle east during Operation Enduring Freedom in Afghanistan and Iraqi Freedom in Iraq. Both of my family members in question struggle with…